{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414971334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","title":"Enhancing explainability in process variant analysis: a framework for detecting and interpreting control-flow changes","display_name":"Enhancing explainability in process variant analysis: a framework for detecting and interpreting control-flow changes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414971334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043596905","display_name":"Ali Norouzifar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-9992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ali Norouzifar","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-9992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091165665","display_name":"Majid Rafiei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-6927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid Rafiei","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7161-6927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036497542","display_name":"Marcus Dees","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-320X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133370","display_name":"Uitvoeringsinstituut Werknemersverzekeringen","ror":"https://ror.org/03ghw7z04","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Dees","raw_affiliation_strings":["UWV Employee Insurance Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6555-320X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UWV Employee Insurance Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069762894","display_name":"Wil M. P. van der Aalst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0955-6940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wil van der Aalst","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0955-6940","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043596905"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44423102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"371","last_page":"412"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.7178999781608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6363999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6089000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5285000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-mining","display_name":"Process mining","score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-modeling","display_name":"Process modeling","score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3206999897956848}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7178999781608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6363999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6089000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5285000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4438999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4334999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124670913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2608526","display_name":"Process mining","level":5,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76956256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27610560","display_name":"Process modeling","level":3,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3206999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83804111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063558","display_name":"Behavioral pattern","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174998907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357662","display_name":"Work in process","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113644684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356717","display_name":"Statistical process control","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93453677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017580","display_name":"Business process discovery","level":5,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776544517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Unexpected events","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01321-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324232","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414971334.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414971334.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W949909655","https://openalex.org/W1536788850","https://openalex.org/W1894414046","https://openalex.org/W2042780115","https://openalex.org/W2094132988","https://openalex.org/W2134443897","https://openalex.org/W2524370299","https://openalex.org/W2726113388","https://openalex.org/W2779421804","https://openalex.org/W2964066696","https://openalex.org/W2969679630","https://openalex.org/W3088250667","https://openalex.org/W3093786299","https://openalex.org/W3094071262","https://openalex.org/W3094402232","https://openalex.org/W3100078462","https://openalex.org/W3105596407","https://openalex.org/W3118943338","https://openalex.org/W3121962896","https://openalex.org/W3197770545","https://openalex.org/W3203006110","https://openalex.org/W3207409396","https://openalex.org/W4285187659","https://openalex.org/W4285303785","https://openalex.org/W4293153206","https://openalex.org/W4312680452","https://openalex.org/W4320473133","https://openalex.org/W4321648862","https://openalex.org/W4379659816","https://openalex.org/W4386570190","https://openalex.org/W4396540842","https://openalex.org/W4399194463","https://openalex.org/W4399273119","https://openalex.org/W4402101027","https://openalex.org/W4402928874"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Processes":[1],"often":[2],"exhibit":[3],"significant":[4],"variability,":[5,163],"posing":[6],"challenges":[7],"for":[8,48,176],"process":[9,132,162],"discovery":[10],"and":[11,42,51,74,121,164],"insight":[12],"extraction.":[13],"While":[14],"most":[15],"studies":[16],"focus":[17],"on":[18],"detecting":[19],"variability":[20,27],"over":[21],"time":[22],"(e.g.,":[23],"concept":[24],"drift),":[25],"control-flow":[26,62,112],"can":[28],"also":[29],"manifest":[30],"across":[31,65],"other":[32],"dimensions,":[33,126],"such":[34],"as":[35,172],"case":[36],"durations":[37],"or":[38],"performance":[39,66,125],"metrics.":[40],"Identifying":[41],"understanding":[43],"these":[44,115],"changes":[45,129],"is":[46,170],"vital":[47],"uncovering":[49],"inefficiencies":[50],"undesired":[52],"behaviors.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"introduces":[56],"a":[57,82,103],"novel":[58],"framework":[59,80,137,169],"that":[60],"combines":[61],"change":[63],"detection":[64],"dimensions":[67],"with":[68,86],"explainability,":[69],"providing":[70],"insights":[71],"into":[72,102],"where":[73],"how":[75],"control":[76],"flow":[77],"evolves.":[78],"The":[79,168],"uses":[81],"sliding":[83],"window":[84],"approach":[85],"the":[87,136,146,152],"earth":[88],"mover\u2019s":[89],"distance":[90],"to":[91,130,157],"detect":[92],"behavioral":[93,119],"shifts.":[94],"To":[95],"enhance":[96],"interpretability,":[97],"event":[98,141],"logs":[99],"are":[100],"encoded":[101],"feature":[104],"space":[105],"defined":[106],"by":[107],"declarative":[108],"constraints,":[109],"capturing":[110],"intuitive":[111],"properties.":[113],"Clustering":[114],"features":[116],"reveals":[117],"distinct":[118],"patterns":[120],"their":[122],"evolution":[123],"along":[124],"linking":[127],"detected":[128],"specific":[131],"dynamics.":[133],"We":[134],"validate":[135],"using":[138],"three":[139],"real-life":[140],"logs,":[142],"including":[143],"one":[144],"from":[145],"UWV":[147],"employee":[148],"insurance":[149],"agency":[150],"in":[151],"Netherlands,":[153],"demonstrating":[154],"its":[155],"ability":[156],"uncover":[158],"meaningful":[159],"changes,":[160],"explain":[161],"support":[165],"data-driven":[166],"decision-making.":[167],"implemented":[171],"an":[173],"open-source":[174],"tool":[175],"broader":[177],"applicability.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
