{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411152830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","title":"Meet OCL$${^\\sharp }$$, a relational object constraint language","display_name":"Meet OCL$${^\\sharp }$$, a relational object constraint language","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411152830","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004979548","display_name":"Friedrich Steimann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8887-134X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120691247","display_name":"FernUniversit\u00e4t in Hagen","ror":"https://ror.org/04tkkr536","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120691247"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich Steimann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fernuniversit\u00e4t in Hagen, Hagen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fernuniversit\u00e4t in Hagen, Hagen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120691247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008576695","display_name":"Robert Claris\u00f3","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9639-0186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138847295","display_name":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5wp925","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Claris\u00f3","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138847295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013415103","display_name":"Martin Gogolla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-1117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180437899","display_name":"University of Bremen","ror":"https://ror.org/04ers2y35","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Gogolla","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180437899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004979548"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120691247"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":1.1165,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.808814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"6","first_page":"1737","last_page":"1761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-constraint-language","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","score":0.789366602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5781702399253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5577585101127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5543752908706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5513100028038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4740326702594757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22868093848228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22509542107582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-modeling-language","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","score":0.1535922884941101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.1187531054019928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133264317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397689","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","level":5,"score":0.789366602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5781702399253845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5577585101127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5543752908706665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5513100028038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4740326702594757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22868093848228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22509542107582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.1535922884941101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1187531054019928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41298492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781506","display_name":"Applications of UML","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10270-025-01286-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64245694","display_name":"Software & Systems Modeling","issn_l":"1619-1366","issn":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software and Systems Modeling","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411152830.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411152830.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46924000","https://openalex.org/W138671001","https://openalex.org/W1486745608","https://openalex.org/W1504594060","https://openalex.org/W1508005281","https://openalex.org/W1525643703","https://openalex.org/W1537861563","https://openalex.org/W1557561422","https://openalex.org/W1567927032","https://openalex.org/W1919408037","https://openalex.org/W1944521327","https://openalex.org/W1965174751","https://openalex.org/W1965979806","https://openalex.org/W1973556339","https://openalex.org/W1977940826","https://openalex.org/W1985585837","https://openalex.org/W2006006495","https://openalex.org/W2025196861","https://openalex.org/W2027346590","https://openalex.org/W2042554793","https://openalex.org/W2049493122","https://openalex.org/W2052352054","https://openalex.org/W2055287943","https://openalex.org/W2059267851","https://openalex.org/W2091920469","https://openalex.org/W2108996071","https://openalex.org/W2111445678","https://openalex.org/W2162425337","https://openalex.org/W2277366276","https://openalex.org/W2406059451","https://openalex.org/W2523884720","https://openalex.org/W2749804820","https://openalex.org/W2767667552","https://openalex.org/W2772383025","https://openalex.org/W2997541814","https://openalex.org/W3023259152","https://openalex.org/W4213381111","https://openalex.org/W4224285350","https://openalex.org/W4225854279","https://openalex.org/W4233648386","https://openalex.org/W4310506218","https://openalex.org/W4389630075"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2610219154","https://openalex.org/W2132004975","https://openalex.org/W2368074716","https://openalex.org/W1569431591","https://openalex.org/W3155722622","https://openalex.org/W159093487","https://openalex.org/W2396567462","https://openalex.org/W2065352887","https://openalex.org/W2408582589","https://openalex.org/W2068505028"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"At":[1,84],"its":[2,13,81,130],"core,":[3],"OCL":[4,41,68,88,114,150],"as":[5],"currently":[6],"defined":[7],"is":[8,43,76,89,155],"a":[9,66,71,102,116],"first-order":[10],"functional":[11],"language:":[12],"expressions":[14,42,92],"evaluate":[15],"to":[16,62,96,101,137],"single":[17],"values,":[18,25],"with":[19,55],"collections":[20],"accounting":[21],"for":[22,30],"multitudes":[23],"of":[24,40,48,122,145],"and":[26,29,57,126],"special":[27],"values":[28],"partiality.":[31],"By":[32],"contrast,":[33],"the":[34,38,46,85,138],"data":[35],"model":[36],"providing":[37],"context":[39],"inherently":[44,90],"relational:":[45],"associations":[47],"UML":[49],"class":[50],"diagrams":[51],"are":[52],"essentially":[53],"relations,":[54],"uniqueness":[56],"order":[58],"designators":[59],"extending":[60],"expressiveness":[61],"ordered":[63],"multirelations.":[64],"As":[65],"result,":[67],"suffers":[69],"from":[70],"functional/relational":[72],"impedance":[73],"mismatch,":[74],"which":[75,147],"only":[77],"superficially":[78],"addressed":[79],"by":[80,112],"navigation":[82],"shorthands.":[83],"same":[86],"time,":[87],"unsafe:":[91],"containing":[93],"subexpressions":[94],"evaluating":[95],"may":[97],"be":[98],"invalid,":[99],"translating":[100],"runtime":[103],"error":[104],"in":[105],"programming":[106],"languages.":[107],"We":[108],"address":[109],"this":[110],"situation":[111],"turning":[113],"into":[115],"relational":[117],"language":[118],"that":[119,134],"retains":[120],"most":[121],"OCL\u2019s":[123],"original":[124],"syntax":[125],"semantics,":[127],"yet":[128],"revises":[129],"fundamental":[131],"design":[132],"decisions":[133],"lead":[135],"up":[136],"noted":[139],"problems.":[140],"In":[141],"particular,":[142],"our":[143],"version":[144],"OCL,":[146],"we":[148],"call":[149],"$${^\\sharp":[151],"}$$":[152],"\u266f":[153],",":[154],"type-safe.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
