{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048957655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","title":"Influence functions of the Spearman and Kendall correlation measures","display_name":"Influence functions of the Spearman and Kendall correlation measures","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048957655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","mag":"2048957655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155615518","display_name":"Statistical Methods & Applications","issn_l":"1613-981X","issn":["1613-981X","1618-2510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistical Methods &amp; Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025083815","display_name":"Christophe Croux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-3437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christophe Croux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Business and Economics, and K.U. Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium","Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","Faculty of Business and Economics, and K.U. Leuven","Tilburg University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business and Economics, and K.U. Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business and Economics, and K.U. Leuven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilburg University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002550537","display_name":"Catherine Dehon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","ror":"https://ror.org/01r9htc13","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Dehon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, ECARES, and Institut de Recherche en Statistique, CP-114, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050, Brussels, Belgium","Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, ECARES, and Institut de Recherche en Statistique"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, ECARES, and Institut de Recherche en Statistique, CP-114, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles, ECARES, and Institut de Recherche en Statistique","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025083815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539","https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":10.4517,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":626,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98553779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"4","first_page":"497","last_page":"515"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10136","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Inference","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.8661171197891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonparametric-statistics","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","score":0.8118826150894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7302406430244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spearmans-rank-correlation-coefficient","display_name":"Spearman's rank correlation coefficient","score":0.6798252463340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.6586724519729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.653113067150116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6251713037490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.5592016577720642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.5141289830207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance","display_name":"Covariance","score":0.4907313585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.42257726192474365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.8661171197891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102366305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097688","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.8118826150894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7302406430244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159744936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126730","display_name":"Spearman's rank correlation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.6798252463340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.6586724519729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.653113067150116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6251713037490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.5592016577720642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.5141289830207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.4907313585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.42257726192474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155615518","display_name":"Statistical Methods & Applications","issn_l":"1613-981X","issn":["1613-981X","1618-2510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistical Methods &amp; Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:stmapp:v:19:y:2010:i:4:p:497-515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/169602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/169602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401063","display_name":"D\u00e9p\u00f4t institutionnel de l'Universit\u00e9 libre de Bruxelles (Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I132053463","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132053463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Statistical methods & applications, 19 (4","raw_type":"info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/270472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/270472/2/croux.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Statistical Methods & Applications, vol. 19 (4), (497-515)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10260-010-0142-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155615518","display_name":"Statistical Methods & Applications","issn_l":"1613-981X","issn":["1613-981X","1618-2510"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistical Methods &amp; Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2048957655.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2048957655.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579755141","https://openalex.org/W1602869073","https://openalex.org/W1980262437","https://openalex.org/W1980450866","https://openalex.org/W1985514943","https://openalex.org/W1986521239","https://openalex.org/W1989638282","https://openalex.org/W1990558880","https://openalex.org/W2002070806","https://openalex.org/W2012712694","https://openalex.org/W2020083428","https://openalex.org/W2023166574","https://openalex.org/W2033582154","https://openalex.org/W2039943102","https://openalex.org/W2042143966","https://openalex.org/W2043523971","https://openalex.org/W2049454545","https://openalex.org/W2061410166","https://openalex.org/W2075381877","https://openalex.org/W2083241629","https://openalex.org/W2085932340","https://openalex.org/W2111131733","https://openalex.org/W2115787579","https://openalex.org/W2133487567","https://openalex.org/W2143791421","https://openalex.org/W2165956709","https://openalex.org/W3015387428","https://openalex.org/W4233409427","https://openalex.org/W4243563432","https://openalex.org/W4255230573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2562018983","https://openalex.org/W1965291129","https://openalex.org/W2085143107","https://openalex.org/W3085398489","https://openalex.org/W4232475722","https://openalex.org/W1489099099","https://openalex.org/W2886934452","https://openalex.org/W2238448126","https://openalex.org/W4200439127","https://openalex.org/W4361792233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nonparametric":[0],"correlation":[1,8,80],"estimators":[2,81,101],"as":[3],"the":[4,13,24,57,69,76],"Kendall":[5,79],"and":[6,46,78,85],"Spearman":[7,77],"are":[9,17],"widely":[10],"used":[11],"in":[12,23],"applied":[14],"sciences.":[15],"They":[16],"often":[18,54],"said":[19],"to":[20,29],"be":[21],"robust,":[22],"sense":[25],"of":[26,42,51,59],"being":[27],"resistant":[28],"outlying":[30],"observations.":[31],"In":[32,93],"this":[33],"paper":[34],"we":[35,63,97],"formally":[36],"study":[37],"their":[38,43],"robustness":[39,50],"by":[40],"means":[41],"influence":[44,87],"functions":[45],"gross-error":[47],"sensitivities.":[48],"Since":[49],"an":[52,60],"estimator":[53],"comes":[55],"at":[56,68],"price":[58],"increased":[61],"variance,":[62],"also":[64],"compute":[65],"statistical":[66],"efficiencies":[67],"normal":[70],"model.":[71],"We":[72],"conclude":[73],"that":[74],"both":[75],"combine":[82],"a":[83,90,94,106],"bounded":[84],"smooth":[86],"function":[88],"with":[89,102],"high":[91],"efficiency.":[92],"simulation":[95],"experiment":[96],"compare":[98],"these":[99],"nonparametric":[100],"correlations":[103],"based":[104],"on":[105],"robust":[107],"covariance":[108],"matrix":[109],"estimator.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":62},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
