{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108842918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","title":"Cognitive and learning difficulties and how they affect access to IT systems","display_name":"Cognitive and learning difficulties and how they affect access to IT systems","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108842918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","mag":"2108842918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30338973","display_name":"Universal Access in the Information Society","issn_l":"1615-5289","issn":["1615-5289","1615-5297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Universal Access in the Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053603427","display_name":"Simeon Keates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2826-672X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simeon Keates","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITA Software, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA","ITA Software, 141 Portland Street, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITA Software, 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITA Software, 141 Portland Street, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000479004","display_name":"Ray Adams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-7256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60488453","display_name":"Middlesex University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv4p989","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ray Adams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative International Research Centre for Universal Access (CIRCUA), School of Computing Science, Middlesex University, Ravensfield House, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK","Middlesex University, Collaborative International Research Centre for Universal Access (CIRCUA), School of Computing Science, Ravensfield House, The Burroughs, NW4 4BT, Hendon, London, UK#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative International Research Centre for Universal Access (CIRCUA), School of Computing Science, Middlesex University, Ravensfield House, The Burroughs, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Middlesex University, Collaborative International Research Centre for Universal Access (CIRCUA), School of Computing Science, Ravensfield House, The Burroughs, NW4 4BT, Hendon, London, UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60488453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081244207","display_name":"Cathy Bodine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3703-703X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288162130","display_name":"University of Colorado Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006jjmw19","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288162130","https://openalex.org/I4210087413"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51713134","display_name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/03wmf1y16","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51713134"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cathy Bodine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistive Technology Partners, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 1245 E. Colfax Avenue, Suite 200, Denver, CO, 80218, USA","University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Assistive Technology Partners, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 1245 E. Colfax Avenue, Suite 200, 80218, Denver, CO, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistive Technology Partners, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 1245 E. Colfax Avenue, Suite 200, Denver, CO, 80218, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288162130","https://openalex.org/I921990950"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Assistive Technology Partners, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 1245 E. Colfax Avenue, Suite 200, 80218, Denver, CO, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51713134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073377612","display_name":"Sara J. Czaja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Czaja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, Miami, FL, 33136, USA","University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, 33136, Miami, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, Miami, FL, 33136, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, 33136, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108492641","display_name":"Wayne A. Gordon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324220072","display_name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkyz108","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I1324220072"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wayne Gordon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1240, New York, NY, 10029, USA","Mt Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Box 1240, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, 10029, New York, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1240, New York, NY, 10029, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324220072","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mt Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Box 1240, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, 10029, New York, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113443695","display_name":"Peter Gregor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","display_name":"University of Dundee","ror":"https://ror.org/03h2bxq36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Gregor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Computing, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland","University of Dundee, Applied Computing, Box 1240, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, DD1 4HN, Dundee, NY, Scotland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Computing, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Dundee, Applied Computing, Box 1240, 1695 N.W. 9th Avenue, Suite 3204, DD1 4HN, Dundee, NY, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070155671","display_name":"Emily Hacker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8822-5658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154915","display_name":"Youth & Family Services","ror":"https://ror.org/04htkzn50","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154915"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emily Hacker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Employment, Training, Education & Youth Services, F.E.G.S., 315 Hudson Street, New York, NY, 10013, USA","F.E.G.S., Division of Employment, Training, Education & Youth Services, Box 1240, 315 Hudson Street, 10013, New York, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Employment, Training, Education & Youth Services, F.E.G.S., 315 Hudson Street, New York, NY, 10013, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"F.E.G.S., Division of Employment, Training, Education & Youth Services, Box 1240, 315 Hudson Street, 10013, New York, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065011356","display_name":"Vicki L. Hanson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7154-4740"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vicki Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108772486","display_name":"John D. Kemp","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154929","display_name":"He Eye Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnhr972","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Kemp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Powers Pyles Sutter & Verville, P.C., 1875 \u201cEye\u201d Street, N.W., 12th Floor, Washington, DC, USA","Powers Pyles Sutter & Verville, P.C., Box 1240, 1875 \u201cEye\u201d Street, N.W., 12th Floor, 10013, Washington, DC, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powers Pyles Sutter & Verville, P.C., 1875 \u201cEye\u201d Street, N.W., 12th Floor, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Powers Pyles Sutter & Verville, P.C., Box 1240, 1875 \u201cEye\u201d Street, N.W., 12th Floor, 10013, Washington, DC, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055634135","display_name":"Mark R. Laff","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Laff","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111974510","display_name":"Clayton Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clayton Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coleman Institute for Cognitive Disabilities, University of Colorado, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 210, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA","University of Colorado, Coleman Institute for Cognitive Disabilities, Box 1240, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 210, 80303, Boulder, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coleman Institute for Cognitive Disabilities, University of Colorado, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 210, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado, Coleman Institute for Cognitive Disabilities, Box 1240, 4001 Discovery Drive, Suite 210, 80303, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058328010","display_name":"Michael Pieper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7191-4254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","display_name":"Fraunhofer Society","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110507","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01ak24c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Pieper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Box 1240, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, CO, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology FIT, Box 1240, Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754, Sankt Augustin, CO, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082108898","display_name":"John T. Richards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8489-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Richards","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056276357","display_name":"David Rose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-5141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134579","display_name":"Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03pvyf116","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210117453","https://openalex.org/I4210134579"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAST, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, Wakefiel, MA, 01880-3233, USA","CAST, Box 1240, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, 01880-3233, Wakefiel, MA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAST, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, Wakefiel, MA, 01880-3233, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134579"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAST, Box 1240, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, 01880-3233, Wakefiel, MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004717794","display_name":"Anthony Savidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121775","display_name":"FORTH Institute of Computer Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02tf48g55","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121775","https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Savidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Science, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece","Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Box 1240, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Science, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234","https://openalex.org/I4210121775"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Box 1240, 40 Harvard Mills Square, Suite 3, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108278961","display_name":"G. V. Schultz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Schultz","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083464844","display_name":"Paul Snayd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Snayd","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082013025","display_name":"Shari Trewin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-3343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shari Trewin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044654887","display_name":"Philip Varker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Varker","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, 19 Skyline Drive, Hawthorne, NY, 10532, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Human Ability and Accessibility Center, Box 1240, 19 Skyline Drive, 10532, Hawthorne, NY, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":19,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053603427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.181,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93500392,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"329","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9690999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9690999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watson","display_name":"Watson","score":0.8267689943313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.7353876829147339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6998316645622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/premise","display_name":"Premise","score":0.6595873832702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.6184523701667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5746749639511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-computing","display_name":"Cognitive computing","score":0.5575816035270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48165571689605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center","display_name":"Center (category theory)","score":0.46728357672691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.39190971851348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3845660984516144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3765452206134796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15361732244491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.11363717913627625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12253","display_name":"Watson","level":2,"score":0.8267689943313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7353876829147339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6998316645622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.6595873832702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.6184523701667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5746749639511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92298750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008161","display_name":"Cognitive computing","level":3,"score":0.5575816035270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48165571689605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.46728357672691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.39190971851348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3845660984516144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3765452206134796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15361732244491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.11363717913627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30338973","display_name":"Universal Access in the Information Society","issn_l":"1615-5289","issn":["1615-5289","1615-5297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Universal Access in the Information Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:discovery.dundee.ac.uk:publications/8525e7dc-ac54-4a39-8983-ece09c1359d5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/publications/8525e7dc-ac54-4a39-8983-ece09c1359d5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400523","display_name":"Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177639307","host_organization_name":"University of Dundee","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177639307"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Keates, S, Adams, R, Bodine, C, Czaja, S, Gordon, W, Gregor, P, Hacker, E, Hanson, V, Kemp, J, Laff, M, Lewis, C, Pieper, M, Richards, J, Rose, D, Savidis, A, Schultz, G, Snayd, P, Trewin, S & Varker, P 2007, 'Cognitive and learning difficulties and how they affect access to IT systems', Universal Access in the Information Society, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 329-339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0058-4","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-169269","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-169269.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer FIT","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gala.gre.ac.uk:12655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/12655/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401244","display_name":"Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","host_organization_name":"University of Greenwich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:napier-surface.worktribe.com:1496985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1496985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400544","display_name":"Research Output (Edinburgh Napier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I251738","host_organization_name":"Edinburgh Napier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I251738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/215092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/215092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W262976640","https://openalex.org/W1485906477","https://openalex.org/W1528027857","https://openalex.org/W1588502164","https://openalex.org/W1891232782","https://openalex.org/W1967569788","https://openalex.org/W1968407776","https://openalex.org/W1986341526","https://openalex.org/W1991691398","https://openalex.org/W1992980187","https://openalex.org/W2009729952","https://openalex.org/W2019971975","https://openalex.org/W2069103972","https://openalex.org/W2074099014","https://openalex.org/W2088193672","https://openalex.org/W2102546050","https://openalex.org/W2137554996","https://openalex.org/W2205221372","https://openalex.org/W4298480520"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162909047","https://openalex.org/W2939400635","https://openalex.org/W2940822004","https://openalex.org/W2775661893","https://openalex.org/W2532997031","https://openalex.org/W644902546","https://openalex.org/W2765329518","https://openalex.org/W4281622825","https://openalex.org/W2544532916","https://openalex.org/W2996988374"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
