{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410732842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5","title":"Optimizing gas efficiency and enhancing security in Ethereum smart contracts through integrated clustering and anomaly detection","display_name":"Optimizing gas efficiency and enhancing security in Ethereum smart contracts through integrated clustering and anomaly detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410732842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164062316","display_name":"International Journal of Information Security","issn_l":"1615-5262","issn":["1615-5262","1615-5270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011625447","display_name":"Faris A. Almalki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1291-055X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179331831","display_name":"Taif University","ror":"https://ror.org/014g1a453","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faris A. Almalki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033743753","display_name":"A. Rajaram","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153026","display_name":"E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/03s9gtm48","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130415","display_name":"Open International University for Alternative Medicines","ror":"https://ror.org/03t25y916","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130415"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rajaram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, E.G.S Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, Tamilnadu, 611002, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, E.G.S Pillay Engineering College, Nagapattinam, Tamilnadu, 611002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130415","https://openalex.org/I4387153026"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011625447"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179331831"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":40.7504,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99722279,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9656999707221985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.7483607530593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6461676359176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6443737149238586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.5274617671966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5107815265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.469218373298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.35108357667922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3509751558303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11682999134063721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.7483607530593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6461676359176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6443737149238586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5274617671966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5107815265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.469218373298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.35108357667922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3509751558303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11682999134063721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-025-01057-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164062316","display_name":"International Journal of Information Security","issn_l":"1615-5262","issn":["1615-5262","1615-5270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997805593","https://openalex.org/W2598139937","https://openalex.org/W2788347302","https://openalex.org/W2805827286","https://openalex.org/W2846896781","https://openalex.org/W2898569715","https://openalex.org/W2921195154","https://openalex.org/W2953520354","https://openalex.org/W2998674936","https://openalex.org/W2999449329","https://openalex.org/W2999673069","https://openalex.org/W3000861255","https://openalex.org/W3007045600","https://openalex.org/W3012932209","https://openalex.org/W3113039085","https://openalex.org/W3126639343","https://openalex.org/W3130737376","https://openalex.org/W3177843616","https://openalex.org/W3184343394","https://openalex.org/W3184416387","https://openalex.org/W4296251701","https://openalex.org/W4362589111","https://openalex.org/W4390639017","https://openalex.org/W4393010253","https://openalex.org/W4393070417","https://openalex.org/W4401477598","https://openalex.org/W4406235134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806741695","https://openalex.org/W4290647774","https://openalex.org/W3189286258","https://openalex.org/W3207797160","https://openalex.org/W3210364259","https://openalex.org/W4300558037","https://openalex.org/W2667207928","https://openalex.org/W2912112202","https://openalex.org/W4377864969","https://openalex.org/W3120251014"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}