{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401628548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","title":"Bluetooth security analysis of general and intimate health IoT devices and apps: the case of FemTech","display_name":"Bluetooth security analysis of general and intimate health IoT devices and apps: the case of FemTech","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401628548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164062316","display_name":"International Journal of Information Security","issn_l":"1615-5262","issn":["1615-5262","1615-5270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102857723","display_name":"Stephen L. Cook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5250-1427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184558857","display_name":"Royal Holloway University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04g2vpn86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I184558857"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184558857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023973244","display_name":"Maryam Mehrnezhad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4223-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184558857","display_name":"Royal Holloway University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04g2vpn86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I184558857"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Mehrnezhad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184558857"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029147151","display_name":"Ehsan Toreini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-2957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Toreini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey, Guildford, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102857723"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184558857"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3190},"fwci":1.3719,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82298337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"3547","last_page":"3567"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.8418856263160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6531716585159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6254738569259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6028566956520081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5859843492507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-analysis","display_name":"Security analysis","score":0.45513972640037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4226168096065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.32913604378700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.24905678629875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21445772051811218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.8418856263160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6531716585159302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6254738569259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6028566956520081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5859843492507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.45513972640037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4226168096065521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.32913604378700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.24905678629875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21445772051811218}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164062316","display_name":"International Journal of Information Security","issn_l":"1615-5262","issn":["1615-5262","1615-5270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10207-024-00883-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164062316","display_name":"International Journal of Information Security","issn_l":"1615-5262","issn":["1615-5262","1615-5270"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Information Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G158456190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S035362/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G191408009","display_name":"AGENCY: Assuring Citizen Agency in a World with Complex Online Harms","funder_award_id":"EP/W032481/2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G521268540","display_name":"PETRAS 2","funder_award_id":"EP/S035362/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7904777936","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R007209/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8452545418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401628548.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2510348504","https://openalex.org/W2562173206","https://openalex.org/W2563471013","https://openalex.org/W2979561210","https://openalex.org/W2983714653","https://openalex.org/W3029797383","https://openalex.org/W3034108289","https://openalex.org/W3101594451","https://openalex.org/W3102266808","https://openalex.org/W3120601984","https://openalex.org/W3161258441","https://openalex.org/W3171997861","https://openalex.org/W3216666665","https://openalex.org/W4205633970","https://openalex.org/W4224994345","https://openalex.org/W4293145863","https://openalex.org/W4297156675","https://openalex.org/W4297659087","https://openalex.org/W4313325293","https://openalex.org/W4362474763","https://openalex.org/W4386128645","https://openalex.org/W4387628527","https://openalex.org/W4388451743","https://openalex.org/W4392637573","https://openalex.org/W4392921190"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4220926637","https://openalex.org/W2362681120","https://openalex.org/W2376320007","https://openalex.org/W4376643979","https://openalex.org/W2322402661","https://openalex.org/W2389079374","https://openalex.org/W2372429262","https://openalex.org/W2903653170","https://openalex.org/W2722482855","https://openalex.org/W2351967314"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"number":[2],"of":[3,23,44,47,58,71,129,149],"digital":[4],"health":[5,56],"products":[6],"is":[7],"increasing":[8],"faster":[9],"than":[10],"ever.":[11],"These":[12,97],"technologies":[13,63],"(e.g.":[14],"mobile":[15,83],"apps":[16],"and":[17,33,54,75,81,105,124,132,138,157],"connected":[18],"devices)":[19],"collect":[20],"massive":[21],"amounts":[22],"data":[24],"about":[25],"their":[26],"users,":[27],"including":[28],"health,":[29],"medical,":[30],"sex":[31],"life,":[32],"other":[34],"intimate":[35,55,158],"data.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"paper,":[39],"we":[40],"study":[41],"a":[42,155],"set":[43],"21":[45],"Internet":[46],"Things":[48],"(IoT)":[49],"devices":[50,123,152],"advertised":[51],"for":[52,141],"general":[53],"purposes":[57],"female":[59],"bodies":[60],"(aka":[61],"female-oriented":[62],"or":[64],"FemTech).":[65],"We":[66,114,134],"focus":[67],"on":[68,118],"the":[69,72,78,82,92,112,119,130,146],"security":[70,89,147],"Bluetooth":[73,100,103,107,116],"connection":[74],"communications":[76],"between":[77,121],"IoT":[79,151],"device":[80,131],"app.":[84,113,133],"Our":[85],"results":[86,137],"highlight":[87],"serious":[88],"issues":[90],"in":[91,127,153],"current":[93],"off-the-shelf":[94],"FemTech":[95],"devices.":[96],"include":[98],"unencrypted":[99],"traffic,":[101],"unknown":[102],"services":[104],"insecure":[106],"authentication":[108],"when":[109],"connecting":[110],"to":[111,144],"implement":[115],"attacks":[117],"communication":[120],"these":[122],"apps,":[125],"resulting":[126],"malfunctioning":[128],"discuss":[135],"our":[136],"provide":[139],"recommendations":[140],"different":[142],"stakeholders":[143],"improve":[145],"practices":[148],"Bluetooth-enabled":[150],"such":[154],"sensitive":[156],"domain.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
