{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117534976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1","title":"Avoiding toxicity and prejudice in chatbots with knowledge distillation","display_name":"Avoiding toxicity and prejudice in chatbots with knowledge distillation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117534976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81770430","display_name":"Knowledge and Information Systems","issn_l":"0219-1377","issn":["0219-1377","0219-3116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Knowledge and Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035284205","display_name":"Hei\u2010Chia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-7506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hei-Chia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Innovative FinTech Business Models, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan","Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Innovative FinTech Business Models, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115519038","display_name":"Cendra Devayana Putra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cendra Devayana Putra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110312767","display_name":"H. Weng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsin-Tzu Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035284205"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80150999,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.24639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.24639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.19130000472068787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.17640000581741333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distillation","display_name":"Distillation","score":0.6944000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.578499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.5181000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4975000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prejudice","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.31369999051094055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204030448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101017","display_name":"Distillation","level":2,"score":0.6944000124931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6394000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.578499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.5181000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4975000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46560001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39089998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107062074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109701697","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84685590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540472","display_name":"Knowledge engineering","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777340749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6684955","display_name":"Lottery","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776372474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508291","display_name":"Simplicity","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423378","display_name":"Knowledge level","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10115-025-02612-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81770430","display_name":"Knowledge and Information Systems","issn_l":"0219-1377","issn":["0219-1377","0219-3116"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Knowledge and Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5556629300117493,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3652674670","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. MOST 107-2410-H-006 040-MY3 and MOST 108-2511-H-0 06-009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090445307","https://openalex.org/W2108325777","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2890276793","https://openalex.org/W2963350559","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2971173235","https://openalex.org/W2973125940","https://openalex.org/W3082094438","https://openalex.org/W3085482952","https://openalex.org/W3098683121","https://openalex.org/W3120915586","https://openalex.org/W3144206916","https://openalex.org/W3197664451","https://openalex.org/W3197876086","https://openalex.org/W4205336489","https://openalex.org/W4220808645","https://openalex.org/W4223518348","https://openalex.org/W4224251648","https://openalex.org/W4362194808","https://openalex.org/W4362716401","https://openalex.org/W4364377342","https://openalex.org/W4385571003","https://openalex.org/W4386390787","https://openalex.org/W4389523711","https://openalex.org/W4400489312","https://openalex.org/W4404564856"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-12-30T00:00:00"}