{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074533831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","title":"Multistars, partial multistars and the capacitated vehicle routing problem","display_name":"Multistars, partial multistars and the capacitated vehicle routing problem","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074533831","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","mag":"2074533831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193920097","display_name":"Mathematical Programming","issn_l":"0025-5610","issn":["0025-5610","1436-4646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004954937","display_name":"Adam N. Letchford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-5006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam N. Letchford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: A.N.Letchford@lancaster.ac.uk, , , , , , GB","Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England (e-mail: A.N.Letchford@lancaster.ac.uk), , GB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: A.N.Letchford@lancaster.ac.uk, , , , , , GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England (e-mail: A.N.Letchford@lancaster.ac.uk), , GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000006313","display_name":"Richard Eglese","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-9828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard W. Eglese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: R.Eglese@lancaster.ac.uk, , , , , , GB","Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: R.Eglese@lancaster.ac.uk, , GB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: R.Eglese@lancaster.ac.uk, , , , , , GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England, e-mail: R.Eglese@lancaster.ac.uk, , GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055534896","display_name":"Jens Lysgaard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-136X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129642645","display_name":"Aarhus Business College","ror":"https://ror.org/05pvcyy59","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129642645"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jens Lysgaard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science and Logistics, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark, e-mail: lys@asb.dk, , , , , , DK","Department of Management Science and Logistics, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark, e-mail: lys@asb.dk, , DK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science and Logistics, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark, e-mail: lys@asb.dk, , , , , , DK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129642645"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science and Logistics, Aarhus School of Business, Denmark, e-mail: lys@asb.dk, , DK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129642645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.7316,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98108531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"1","first_page":"21","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyhedron","display_name":"Polyhedron","score":0.9027345180511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7965019941329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7359862923622131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6278707981109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"Inequality","score":0.5997644662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutting-plane-method","display_name":"Cutting-plane method","score":0.5419448614120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.5316660404205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","score":0.5056586265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facet","display_name":"Facet (psychology)","score":0.464324414730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4351643919944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.42734748125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3904073238372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.22202256321907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.2000732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1340768039226532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10764369368553162}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54829058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172937","display_name":"Polyhedron","level":2,"score":0.9027345180511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7965019941329956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7359862923622131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6278707981109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.5997644662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109839438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762039","display_name":"Cutting-plane method","level":3,"score":0.5419448614120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5316660404205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.5056586265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43122875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428522","display_name":"Facet (psychology)","level":4,"score":0.464324414730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4351643919944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.42734748125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3904073238372803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22202256321907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.2000732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1340768039226532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10764369368553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187288502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641118","display_name":"Personality","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2865642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378132","display_name":"Big Five personality traits","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0336-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193920097","display_name":"Mathematical Programming","issn_l":"0025-5610","issn":["0025-5610","1436-4646"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Programming","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/7df39720-24fe-11da-834f-000ea68e967b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/7df39720-24fe-11da-834f-000ea68e967b","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Letchford, A N, Eglese, R W & Lysgaard, J 2002, 'Multistars, partial multistars and the capacitated vehicle routing problem', Mathematical Programming, vol. A 94, no. 1, pp. 21-40. < http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/10107/papers/2094001/20940021.pdf >","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W89486219","https://openalex.org/W149430354","https://openalex.org/W187359699","https://openalex.org/W1501435780","https://openalex.org/W1508371093","https://openalex.org/W1546822455","https://openalex.org/W1606779053","https://openalex.org/W1663519530","https://openalex.org/W1968143987","https://openalex.org/W1973520467","https://openalex.org/W1998205685","https://openalex.org/W2017070898","https://openalex.org/W2028576516","https://openalex.org/W2029242918","https://openalex.org/W2029681015","https://openalex.org/W2044280739","https://openalex.org/W2055942436","https://openalex.org/W2064806410","https://openalex.org/W2072550287","https://openalex.org/W2114844199","https://openalex.org/W2124452917","https://openalex.org/W2137021253","https://openalex.org/W2137460743","https://openalex.org/W2163428398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2916043681","https://openalex.org/W2896131632","https://openalex.org/W2391438543","https://openalex.org/W2997473813","https://openalex.org/W280563082","https://openalex.org/W1990071052","https://openalex.org/W2548209335","https://openalex.org/W4205506869","https://openalex.org/W3123288742","https://openalex.org/W2113011069"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}