{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413636636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","title":"Sproutfit: an immersive seed-planting virtual reality game to enhance patient motivation for performing exercises for the prevention of venous thromboembolism through loss and avoidance gamification","display_name":"Sproutfit: an immersive seed-planting virtual reality game to enhance patient motivation for performing exercises for the prevention of venous thromboembolism through loss and avoidance gamification","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413636636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495878607","display_name":"Virtual Reality","issn_l":"1359-4338","issn":["1359-4338","1434-9957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060248123","display_name":"Renzhi Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8202-9186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renzhi Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053615344","display_name":"Boon Giin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5743-1010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boon Giin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035106628","display_name":"Matthew Pike","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-0148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Pike","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049154334","display_name":"Dave Towey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0877-4353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dave Towey","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019214642","display_name":"Yuan Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-342X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742748","display_name":"Yongfu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3196-063X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongfu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079773768","display_name":"Wan\u2010Young Chung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-855X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan-Young Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060248123"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2312006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6559404134750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6404439210891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serious-game","display_name":"Serious game","score":0.5805923938751221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.5018415451049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4684078097343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3234803080558777}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6559404134750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6404439210891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018769082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1506693","display_name":"Serious game","level":2,"score":0.5805923938751221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5018415451049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4684078097343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3234803080558777}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495878607","display_name":"Virtual Reality","issn_l":"1359-4338","issn":["1359-4338","1434-9957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10055-025-01220-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495878607","display_name":"Virtual Reality","issn_l":"1359-4338","issn":["1359-4338","1434-9957"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Reality","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337088","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413636636.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413636636.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W152761198","https://openalex.org/W988853315","https://openalex.org/W1554531572","https://openalex.org/W1809153773","https://openalex.org/W1965418287","https://openalex.org/W1972950717","https://openalex.org/W1975891668","https://openalex.org/W1977723432","https://openalex.org/W2005449474","https://openalex.org/W2025336028","https://openalex.org/W2032980606","https://openalex.org/W2045185010","https://openalex.org/W2089529653","https://openalex.org/W2090619645","https://openalex.org/W2098932936","https://openalex.org/W2105402598","https://openalex.org/W2110507741","https://openalex.org/W2111675414","https://openalex.org/W2129505857","https://openalex.org/W2137401222","https://openalex.org/W2141177567","https://openalex.org/W2150104072","https://openalex.org/W2201010183","https://openalex.org/W2247614400","https://openalex.org/W2271157101","https://openalex.org/W2277565137","https://openalex.org/W2303312527","https://openalex.org/W2340950673","https://openalex.org/W2479485957","https://openalex.org/W2515439688","https://openalex.org/W2569425949","https://openalex.org/W2610969520","https://openalex.org/W2616609740","https://openalex.org/W2727101723","https://openalex.org/W2735444410","https://openalex.org/W2770401754","https://openalex.org/W2794215115","https://openalex.org/W2891789702","https://openalex.org/W2895575042","https://openalex.org/W2896459572","https://openalex.org/W2914291954","https://openalex.org/W2914619882","https://openalex.org/W2920898951","https://openalex.org/W2956036566","https://openalex.org/W2967678089","https://openalex.org/W2985335541","https://openalex.org/W2998190657","https://openalex.org/W3008285661","https://openalex.org/W3014736783","https://openalex.org/W3016050315","https://openalex.org/W3032145322","https://openalex.org/W3042083245","https://openalex.org/W3044558668","https://openalex.org/W3045206212","https://openalex.org/W3082353586","https://openalex.org/W3105398898","https://openalex.org/W3110303802","https://openalex.org/W3122578499","https://openalex.org/W3127104877","https://openalex.org/W3132330128","https://openalex.org/W3140581240","https://openalex.org/W3162001688","https://openalex.org/W3215334291","https://openalex.org/W4200286632","https://openalex.org/W4210745803","https://openalex.org/W4212825797","https://openalex.org/W4220940565","https://openalex.org/W4221085005","https://openalex.org/W4226192195","https://openalex.org/W4229020449","https://openalex.org/W4229753260","https://openalex.org/W4236371823","https://openalex.org/W4240809743","https://openalex.org/W4284884499","https://openalex.org/W4285065755","https://openalex.org/W4295135118","https://openalex.org/W4296614604","https://openalex.org/W4307552777","https://openalex.org/W4309379085","https://openalex.org/W4310266353","https://openalex.org/W4311829299","https://openalex.org/W4313233137","https://openalex.org/W4313595996","https://openalex.org/W4319600682","https://openalex.org/W4385973327","https://openalex.org/W4386953243","https://openalex.org/W4387446963","https://openalex.org/W4388750720","https://openalex.org/W4389212547","https://openalex.org/W4392250111","https://openalex.org/W4400264278","https://openalex.org/W4401691318","https://openalex.org/W4403295183","https://openalex.org/W4403887027","https://openalex.org/W4408464447"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4294974825","https://openalex.org/W2967400911","https://openalex.org/W2943580202","https://openalex.org/W4241017176","https://openalex.org/W3000714840","https://openalex.org/W4361829742","https://openalex.org/W2344907852","https://openalex.org/W4253106340","https://openalex.org/W2059650074","https://openalex.org/W4285504728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sustaining":[0],"patient":[1,31],"engagement":[2],"in":[3,110,167,205,221,257],"physical":[4],"rehabilitation":[5,26,66],"for":[6,93,208],"conditions":[7],"of":[8,24,38,108,146,195],"venous":[9],"thromboembolism":[10],"(VTE)":[11],"prevention":[12],"is":[13],"often":[14],"challenging":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,45,72,119,136,156,178],"factors":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20,241],"the":[21,25,36,56,140,151,168,179,192],"repetitive":[22],"nature":[23],"exercises,":[27],"and":[28,43,58,78,150,198,213,228,243,253],"possible":[29],"insufficient":[30],"motivation.":[32],"This":[33,49],"study":[34,50],"investigated":[35],"integration":[37],"immersive":[39],"virtual":[40],"reality":[41],"(IVR)":[42],"gamification":[44,61],"address":[46],"this":[47],"challenge.":[48,199],"explored":[51],"whether":[52],"or":[53],"not":[54,147,163],"integrating":[55],"loss":[57],"avoidance":[59],"(LA)":[60],"dynamic":[62],"into":[63],"an":[64],"IVR":[65,100],"game":[67,101,124,193,209],"can":[68],"improve":[69],"short-term":[70],"motivation":[71],"perform":[73,115],"VTE-prevention":[74],"exercises":[75,118],"among":[76],"middle-aged":[77],"older":[79],"hospital":[80],"patients.":[81],"A":[82,96],"mixed-design":[83],"experiment":[84],"was":[85,103],"carried":[86],"out":[87],"that":[88,218,236],"involved":[89],"28":[90],"patients":[91,114,155,166,237,247],"admitted":[92],"post-surgical":[94],"rehabilitation.":[95],"smart":[97],"wearable":[98],"sensor-based":[99],"(SPROUTFIT)":[102],"developed,":[104],"featuring":[105],"a":[106,126,144],"theme":[107],"seed-planting":[109],"five":[111],"stages,":[112],"where":[113],"lower":[116],"limb":[117],"simulate":[120],"gardening":[121],"activities.":[122],"The":[123,165],"employs":[125],"level":[127],"system":[128],"(\u201cNovice":[129],"Planter\u201d,":[130],"\u201cAdept":[131],"Planter\u201d":[132],"and,":[133],"\u201cMaster":[134],"Planter\u201d)":[135],"reward":[137],"performance,":[138],"with":[139],"\u201closs\u201d":[141],"component":[142,153],"creating":[143],"fear":[145],"retaining":[148],"levels,":[149],"\u201cavoidance\u201d":[152],"requiring":[154],"repeat":[157],"stages":[158,210],"if":[159],"performance":[160],"criteria":[161],"are":[162],"met.":[164],"LA-integrated":[169],"SPROUTFIT":[170,181,240],"(LA-SPROUTFIT)":[171],"showed":[172],"significantly":[173,188,203,222],"higher":[174,189,204,223],"external":[175],"regulation":[176],"compared":[177],"non-LA-integrated":[180],"(NLA-SPROUTFIT)":[182],"group.":[183],"LA-SPROUTFIT":[184,206,219],"group":[185,207],"also":[186],"demonstrated":[187],"scores":[190,201],"regarding":[191],"experience":[194],"competence,":[196],"flow,":[197],"Game":[200],"were":[202],"2,":[211],"4,":[212],"5.":[214],"Physiological":[215],"measures":[216],"indicated":[217],"resulted":[220],"heart":[224],"rate,":[225],"calorie":[226],"expenditure,":[227],"perceived":[229,239],"exertion.":[230],"Qualitative":[231],"feedback":[232],"from":[233],"interviews":[234],"revealed":[235],"generally":[238],"enjoyable":[242],"motivating.":[244],"However,":[245],"some":[246],"suggested":[248],"including":[249],"various":[250],"difficulty":[251],"levels":[252],"additional":[254],"personalization":[255],"options":[256],"future":[258],"iterations.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}