{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587430573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","title":"A novel ensemble decision tree based on under-sampling and clonal selection for web spam detection","display_name":"A novel ensemble decision tree based on under-sampling and clonal selection for web spam detection","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587430573","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","mag":"2587430573"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45497385","display_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","issn_l":"1433-7541","issn":["1433-7541","1433-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112306287","display_name":"Xiaoyong Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Yong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101504234","display_name":"Mu-Sheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0627-2424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mu-Sheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087778670","display_name":"Jheng-Long Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-5507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098366","display_name":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/00z83z196","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jheng-Long Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan","Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070519744","display_name":"Pei\u2010Chann Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-3513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["CN","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pei-Chan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Management and Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan","Information Management and Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-3513","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management and Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Management and Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102849323","display_name":"Meng-Hui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9722-6070"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meng-Hui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070519744","https://openalex.org/A5087778670","https://openalex.org/A5101504234","https://openalex.org/A5102849323","https://openalex.org/A5112306287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914","https://openalex.org/I4210098366","https://openalex.org/I99908691"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4373,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94954543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"741","last_page":"754"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8318773508071899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7068173289299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spamming","display_name":"Spamming","score":0.6654619574546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spamdexing","display_name":"Spamdexing","score":0.6323659420013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.6318671703338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6046447157859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.599036693572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5934196710586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5831400752067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5478595495223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4969046413898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.4249390661716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3704121708869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.24240314960479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metasearch-engine","display_name":"Metasearch engine","score":0.21154659986495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.2010771632194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.09823691844940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.07732021808624268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8318773508071899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7068173289299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158955206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83058","display_name":"Spamming","level":3,"score":0.6654619574546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13565553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206","display_name":"Spamdexing","level":5,"score":0.6323659420013428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6318671703338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6046447157859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.599036693572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5934196710586548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5831400752067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5478595495223999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4969046413898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.4249390661716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3704121708869934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.24240314960479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173979980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114106","display_name":"Metasearch engine","level":4,"score":0.21154659986495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2010771632194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.09823691844940186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.07732021808624268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-017-0602-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45497385","display_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","issn_l":"1433-7541","issn":["1433-7541","1433-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32535764","https://openalex.org/W196871588","https://openalex.org/W571200655","https://openalex.org/W1532325895","https://openalex.org/W1563938718","https://openalex.org/W1580049798","https://openalex.org/W1583145088","https://openalex.org/W1583700199","https://openalex.org/W1586444875","https://openalex.org/W1701067754","https://openalex.org/W1977405350","https://openalex.org/W1977640460","https://openalex.org/W1982889956","https://openalex.org/W1992549066","https://openalex.org/W2005154212","https://openalex.org/W2016696435","https://openalex.org/W2029694543","https://openalex.org/W2037575202","https://openalex.org/W2066055909","https://openalex.org/W2068601787","https://openalex.org/W2070808135","https://openalex.org/W2070956762","https://openalex.org/W2072615238","https://openalex.org/W2073562093","https://openalex.org/W2077140264","https://openalex.org/W2096945460","https://openalex.org/W2097653553","https://openalex.org/W2099454382","https://openalex.org/W2100738695","https://openalex.org/W2103614420","https://openalex.org/W2104167780","https://openalex.org/W2112358949","https://openalex.org/W2115957413","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2128965734","https://openalex.org/W2130196635","https://openalex.org/W2152314154","https://openalex.org/W2157825442","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2164934768","https://openalex.org/W2169937061","https://openalex.org/W2616891418","https://openalex.org/W2911854988","https://openalex.org/W4213009331","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6608434890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2559735654","https://openalex.org/W2100081831","https://openalex.org/W2099789730","https://openalex.org/W2027452930","https://openalex.org/W2036952369","https://openalex.org/W2138348913","https://openalex.org/W2366333880","https://openalex.org/W3098355271","https://openalex.org/W2738482239","https://openalex.org/W2078337952"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
