{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979743748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","title":"A review on Gabor wavelets for face recognition","display_name":"A review on Gabor wavelets for face recognition","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979743748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","mag":"1979743748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45497385","display_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","issn_l":"1433-7541","issn":["1433-7541","1433-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109508986","display_name":"Linlin Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108104412","display_name":"Li Bai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109508986"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.24,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":465,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99543241,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2-3","first_page":"273","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13579","display_name":"Image and Video Stabilization","score":0.9835000038146973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabor-wavelet","display_name":"Gabor wavelet","score":0.9379451274871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.755972146987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7488925457000732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7051339149475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.6807894706726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6472241878509521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5951844453811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5794803500175476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.46827080845832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabor-filter","display_name":"Gabor filter","score":0.43760380148887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.42514461278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.40150538086891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.3088184893131256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.14849591255187988}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136902061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16981559","display_name":"Gabor wavelet","level":5,"score":0.9379451274871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.755972146987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7488925457000732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7051339149475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.6807894706726074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6472241878509521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5951844453811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5794803500175476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.46827080845832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779883129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2447890","display_name":"Gabor filter","level":3,"score":0.43760380148887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42514461278915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.40150538086891174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.3088184893131256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.14849591255187988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10044-006-0033-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45497385","display_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","issn_l":"1433-7541","issn":["1433-7541","1433-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pattern Analysis and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9359371","https://openalex.org/W116877356","https://openalex.org/W125549875","https://openalex.org/W419168134","https://openalex.org/W1494552275","https://openalex.org/W1495772745","https://openalex.org/W1519354124","https://openalex.org/W1520465424","https://openalex.org/W1527240141","https://openalex.org/W1545385057","https://openalex.org/W1563122928","https://openalex.org/W1593008457","https://openalex.org/W1639684026","https://openalex.org/W1658679052","https://openalex.org/W1761337995","https://openalex.org/W1823325679","https://openalex.org/W1914401667","https://openalex.org/W1972963882","https://openalex.org/W1980807921","https://openalex.org/W1985809919","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W1993654021","https://openalex.org/W1995925293","https://openalex.org/W1996021349","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2006500012","https://openalex.org/W2017115857","https://openalex.org/W2017671889","https://openalex.org/W2023896934","https://openalex.org/W2026374882","https://openalex.org/W2028325389","https://openalex.org/W2031802401","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2041602625","https://openalex.org/W2049694710","https://openalex.org/W2055522016","https://openalex.org/W2058435387","https://openalex.org/W2061096125","https://openalex.org/W2064791346","https://openalex.org/W2072306277","https://openalex.org/W2077569742","https://openalex.org/W2077797568","https://openalex.org/W2086738935","https://openalex.org/W2095757522","https://openalex.org/W2098684142","https://openalex.org/W2100013061","https://openalex.org/W2103971661","https://openalex.org/W2104598610","https://openalex.org/W2104908641","https://openalex.org/W2105298248","https://openalex.org/W2105672294","https://openalex.org/W2108239416","https://openalex.org/W2109792354","https://openalex.org/W2110137861","https://openalex.org/W2113100713","https://openalex.org/W2113341759","https://openalex.org/W2115689562","https://openalex.org/W2120954940","https://openalex.org/W2121258045","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2125648695","https://openalex.org/W2125999363","https://openalex.org/W2127530969","https://openalex.org/W2128440181","https://openalex.org/W2129077171","https://openalex.org/W2130982917","https://openalex.org/W2131693260","https://openalex.org/W2134072810","https://openalex.org/W2135188079","https://openalex.org/W2138100172","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2143389128","https://openalex.org/W2144143728","https://openalex.org/W2144338445","https://openalex.org/W2146824864","https://openalex.org/W2148369500","https://openalex.org/W2148486884","https://openalex.org/W2149454242","https://openalex.org/W2150853869","https://openalex.org/W2152015690","https://openalex.org/W2152420030","https://openalex.org/W2156131479","https://openalex.org/W2156404139","https://openalex.org/W2158247472","https://openalex.org/W2165731615","https://openalex.org/W2167440101","https://openalex.org/W2171286886","https://openalex.org/W2171937595","https://openalex.org/W2188599585","https://openalex.org/W2282794079","https://openalex.org/W2293747114","https://openalex.org/W2394543221","https://openalex.org/W2511353375","https://openalex.org/W2912365325","https://openalex.org/W3145298090","https://openalex.org/W3161439748","https://openalex.org/W4229561215","https://openalex.org/W4244757147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1710806717","https://openalex.org/W2394322125","https://openalex.org/W2355521768","https://openalex.org/W2070838085","https://openalex.org/W2055938957","https://openalex.org/W4210684035","https://openalex.org/W2374740620","https://openalex.org/W2902714807","https://openalex.org/W2803685646","https://openalex.org/W2495360253"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":39}],"updated_date":"2026-05-12T08:28:47.272897","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}