{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101200183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","title":"Investigation and modeling of the structure of texting language","display_name":"Investigation and modeling of the structure of texting language","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101200183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","mag":"2101200183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90108747","display_name":"International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)","issn_l":"1433-2825","issn":["1433-2825","1433-2833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008944385","display_name":"Monojit Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7473-7839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monojit Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113865936","display_name":"Rahul Saraf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83205935","display_name":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/0077k1j32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahul Saraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India","Department of Computer Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005532779","display_name":"Vijit Jain","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijit Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["D.E. Shaw India Software Private Ltd, Hyderabad, India","D.E. Shaw India Software Private Ltd, Hyderabad, India#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D.E. Shaw India Software Private Ltd, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"D.E. Shaw India Software Private Ltd, Hyderabad, India#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020991141","display_name":"Animesh Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-0044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Animesh Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024219981","display_name":"Sudeshna Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-4282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudeshna Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103541274","display_name":"Anupam Basu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anupam Basu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008944385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.1539,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":211,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96967469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3-4","first_page":"157","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9621000289916992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bigram","display_name":"Bigram","score":0.9554793834686279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7872967720031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.7546390891075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6731212139129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6430386304855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5915426015853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.5883526802062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-language","display_name":"Standard language","score":0.4479745924472809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spell","display_name":"Spell","score":0.44227349758148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4145856499671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3871539235115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3387627601623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trigram","display_name":"Trigram","score":0.12962669134140015}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108757681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2773912","display_name":"Bigram","level":3,"score":0.9554793834686279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7872967720031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.7546390891075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6731212139129639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6430386304855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5915426015853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.5883526802062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775957009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q399495","display_name":"Standard language","level":2,"score":0.4479745924472809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780957641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999796","display_name":"Spell","level":2,"score":0.44227349758148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4145856499671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3871539235115051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3387627601623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137546455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3213474","display_name":"Trigram","level":2,"score":0.12962669134140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10032-007-0054-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90108747","display_name":"International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)","issn_l":"1433-2825","issn":["1433-2825","1433-2833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.336.873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.336.873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cel.iitkgp.ernet.in/~monojit/papers/ibm_workshop.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.67.6228","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.67.6228","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://research.ihost.com/and2007/cd/Proceedings_files/p63.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8299999833106995,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120415783","https://openalex.org/W636520125","https://openalex.org/W1508165687","https://openalex.org/W1513763287","https://openalex.org/W1520449809","https://openalex.org/W1538198148","https://openalex.org/W1542566156","https://openalex.org/W1544590172","https://openalex.org/W1566295242","https://openalex.org/W1579838312","https://openalex.org/W1619260612","https://openalex.org/W1647671624","https://openalex.org/W1898626314","https://openalex.org/W1972099155","https://openalex.org/W1987886907","https://openalex.org/W1992197421","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2010595692","https://openalex.org/W2016871293","https://openalex.org/W2019470056","https://openalex.org/W2027426330","https://openalex.org/W2041394582","https://openalex.org/W2057900969","https://openalex.org/W2066792529","https://openalex.org/W2074441820","https://openalex.org/W2079561890","https://openalex.org/W2102411528","https://openalex.org/W2102607778","https://openalex.org/W2116533968","https://openalex.org/W2117084652","https://openalex.org/W2119140562","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2144226312","https://openalex.org/W2144639996","https://openalex.org/W2144789800","https://openalex.org/W2147686939","https://openalex.org/W2153554946","https://openalex.org/W2163942301","https://openalex.org/W2166418450","https://openalex.org/W2316629667","https://openalex.org/W4211057072","https://openalex.org/W4212946121","https://openalex.org/W4238874340","https://openalex.org/W4308606192","https://openalex.org/W6629703318","https://openalex.org/W7071444332"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565875726","https://openalex.org/W2105076537","https://openalex.org/W1700330385","https://openalex.org/W2002221802","https://openalex.org/W2041167939","https://openalex.org/W2250909759","https://openalex.org/W2562995433","https://openalex.org/W2131111393","https://openalex.org/W1500873938","https://openalex.org/W2020757772"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":24}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
