{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2014240965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","title":"Handwriting character classification using Freeman\u2019s olfactory KIII model","display_name":"Handwriting character classification using Freeman\u2019s olfactory KIII model","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2014240965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","mag":"2014240965"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104439334","display_name":"Artificial Life and Robotics","issn_l":"1433-5298","issn":["1433-5298","1614-7456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life and Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108608102","display_name":"Masanao Obayashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173915773","display_name":"Yamaguchi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxys317","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masanao Obayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010413794","display_name":"Shinnosuke Koga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173915773","display_name":"Yamaguchi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxys317","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinnosuke Koga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030767118","display_name":"Liangbing Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5162-2019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang-Bing Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 1068 Xueyuan Boulevard, University Town of Shenzhen, Xili Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518055, China","Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China 518055#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 1068 Xueyuan Boulevard, University Town of Shenzhen, Xili Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518055, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China 518055#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034551675","display_name":"Takashi Kuremoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2717-2008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173915773","display_name":"Yamaguchi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxys317","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Kuremoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-2 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8611, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan 755-8611#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112406082","display_name":"Kunikazu Kobayashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45205469","display_name":"Aichi Prefectural University","ror":"https://ror.org/047n0b268","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45205469"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunikazu Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University, 1522-3 Ibaragasama, Nagakude, Aichi, 480-1198, Japan","School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University, Aichi, Japan 480-1198#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University, 1522-3 Ibaragasama, Nagakude, Aichi, 480-1198, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45205469"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University, Aichi, Japan 480-1198#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45205469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108608102"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173915773"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09158485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"227","last_page":"232"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7995704412460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.6052504777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5788650512695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46972525119781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4492281675338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.42888736724853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2735781669616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10328805446624756}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7995704412460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.6052504777908325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5788650512695312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46972525119781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4492281675338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.42888736724853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2735781669616699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10328805446624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-012-0047-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104439334","display_name":"Artificial Life and Robotics","issn_l":"1433-5298","issn":["1433-5298","1614-7456"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life and Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963846312","https://openalex.org/W2007099865","https://openalex.org/W2059238825","https://openalex.org/W2089694072","https://openalex.org/W2102317303","https://openalex.org/W2131440756","https://openalex.org/W2140755429","https://openalex.org/W2148969286","https://openalex.org/W4292880809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063708026","https://openalex.org/W2388180914","https://openalex.org/W2507888814","https://openalex.org/W3118925046","https://openalex.org/W2381764175","https://openalex.org/W2561540377","https://openalex.org/W2360066868","https://openalex.org/W3084909207","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}