{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049107599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","title":"Automatic recognition of multi-word terms:. the C-value/NC-value method","display_name":"Automatic recognition of multi-word terms:. the C-value/NC-value method","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049107599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","mag":"2049107599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s007999900023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110615584","display_name":"International Journal on Digital Libraries","issn_l":"1432-1300","issn":["1432-1300","1432-5012"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Digital Libraries","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048792763","display_name":"Katerina T. Frantzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katerina Frantzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK;","Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK; E-mail: katerina,effie@ccl.umist.ac.uk, GB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK; E-mail: katerina,effie@ccl.umist.ac.uk, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077976343","display_name":"Sophia Ananiadou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophia Ananiadou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK;","Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK; E-mail: katerina,effie@ccl.umist.ac.uk, GB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Computational Linguistics, UMIST, P.O. Box 88, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK; E-mail: katerina,effie@ccl.umist.ac.uk, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018243718","display_name":"Hideki Mima","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideki Mima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan;","Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan; E-mail: mima@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp, , JP"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Information Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan; E-mail: mima@is.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp, , JP","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048792763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.7352,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":815,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98595889,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8415412306785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.7595293521881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.7110636830329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6343114972114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.6154041290283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5890876650810242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.5280683040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5260736346244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.37145766615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1548924744129181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.14186730980873108}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8415412306785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7595293521881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.7110636830329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6343114972114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6154041290283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5890876650810242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.5280683040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5260736346244812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.37145766615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1548924744129181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.14186730980873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s007999900023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S110615584","display_name":"International Journal on Digital Libraries","issn_l":"1432-1300","issn":["1432-1300","1432-5012"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal on Digital Libraries","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.128.3352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.128.3352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/sophia.ananiadou/ijodl2000.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/661e51a4-ae20-4865-abfb-077b5c0b5587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/661e51a4-ae20-4865-abfb-077b5c0b5587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frantzi, K T, Ananiadou, S & Mima, H 2000, 'Automatic recognition of multi-word terms: the C-value/NC-value method', International Journal on Digital Libraries , vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 115-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/661e51a4-ae20-4865-abfb-077b5c0b5587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/automatic-recognition-of-multiword-terms-the-cvaluencvalue-method(661e51a4-ae20-4865-abfb-077b5c0b5587).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frantzi, K T, Ananiadou, S & Mima, H 2000, 'Automatic recognition of multi-word terms: the C-value/NC-value method', International Journal on Digital Libraries , vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 115-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s007999900023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W561233779","https://openalex.org/W1537280846","https://openalex.org/W1537288903","https://openalex.org/W1554031433","https://openalex.org/W1956559956","https://openalex.org/W2032219148","https://openalex.org/W2044070623","https://openalex.org/W2046608247","https://openalex.org/W2075728986","https://openalex.org/W2107434887","https://openalex.org/W2116266212","https://openalex.org/W2116780029","https://openalex.org/W2129706127","https://openalex.org/W2163953154"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W42295635","https://openalex.org/W1973996291","https://openalex.org/W2330575325","https://openalex.org/W4388747848","https://openalex.org/W2163803519","https://openalex.org/W2497592525","https://openalex.org/W3096145648","https://openalex.org/W3197510923","https://openalex.org/W2370579019","https://openalex.org/W2368651715"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":51}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
