{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032972744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007800100059","title":"A variational inequality approach to financial valuation of retirement benefits based on salary","display_name":"A variational inequality approach to financial valuation of retirement benefits based on salary","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032972744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007800100059","mag":"2032972744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s007800100059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007800100059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172526255","display_name":"Finance and Stochastics","issn_l":"0949-2984","issn":["0949-2984","1432-1122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Finance and Stochastics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111440723","display_name":"Avner Friedman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Avner Friedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Department of Mathematics, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (e-mail: friedman@math.umn.edu)\n, , , , , , US","University of Minnesota, Department of Mathematics, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (e-mail: friedman@math.umn.edu) , US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Department of Mathematics, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (e-mail: friedman@math.umn.edu)\n, , , , , , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Department of Mathematics, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA (e-mail: friedman@math.umn.edu) , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050650209","display_name":"Weixi Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China (e-mail: szheng@serap.stc.sh.cn)\n, , , , , , CN","Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China (e-mail: szheng@serap.stc.sh.cn) , CN"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China (e-mail: szheng@serap.stc.sh.cn)\n, , , , , , CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China (e-mail: szheng@serap.stc.sh.cn) , CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111440723"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5941,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86925741,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"273","last_page":"302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10067","display_name":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10067","display_name":"Stochastic processes and financial applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10545","display_name":"Optimization and Variational Analysis","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salary","display_name":"Salary","score":0.8543981909751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valuation","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","score":0.7244044542312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension","display_name":"Pension","score":0.6566412448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variational-inequality","display_name":"Variational inequality","score":0.5914958119392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.5599297881126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension-plan","display_name":"Pension plan","score":0.5494682788848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"Inequality","score":0.5212196111679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-finance","display_name":"Mathematical finance","score":0.46818697452545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.4652126133441925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/present-value","display_name":"Present value","score":0.4426993131637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuarial-science","display_name":"Actuarial science","score":0.4403040409088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.43711429834365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.2851145267486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.25067460536956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.15755891799926758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1334497332572937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780090960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194489","display_name":"Salary","level":2,"score":0.8543981909751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186027771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4008379","display_name":"Valuation (finance)","level":2,"score":0.7244044542312622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780899237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension","level":2,"score":0.6566412448883057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161999928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4556320","display_name":"Variational inequality","level":2,"score":0.5914958119392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5599297881126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991981721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension plan","level":3,"score":0.5494682788848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.5212196111679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93373587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335632","display_name":"Mathematical finance","level":2,"score":0.46818697452545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4652126133441925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6927289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100466","display_name":"Present value","level":2,"score":0.4426993131637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4403040409088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.43711429834365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42268872261047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2851145267486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.25067460536956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.15755891799926758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1334497332572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s007800100059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s007800100059","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172526255","display_name":"Finance and Stochastics","issn_l":"0949-2984","issn":["0949-2984","1432-1122"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Finance and Stochastics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:finsto:v:6:y:2002:i:3:p:273-302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483382787","https://openalex.org/W1518792628","https://openalex.org/W1600624394","https://openalex.org/W1602967628","https://openalex.org/W2032316144","https://openalex.org/W2043430302","https://openalex.org/W2059429276","https://openalex.org/W2154014178","https://openalex.org/W2312186590","https://openalex.org/W2332699016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368582007","https://openalex.org/W2381014559","https://openalex.org/W2417552221","https://openalex.org/W2350975767","https://openalex.org/W4377081005","https://openalex.org/W2369068260","https://openalex.org/W2383301438","https://openalex.org/W2360793741","https://openalex.org/W2182802719","https://openalex.org/W2926364723"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
