{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187911027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","title":"The Chatbot Usability Scale: the Design and Pilot of a Usability Scale for Interaction with AI-Based Conversational Agents","display_name":"The Chatbot Usability Scale: the Design and Pilot of a Usability Scale for Interaction with AI-Based Conversational Agents","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187911027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","mag":"3187911027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022638545","display_name":"Simone Borsci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-3577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109306","display_name":"NIHR Leeds In Vitro Diagnostics Co-operative","ror":"https://ror.org/01ykn4490","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210109306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["GB","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Borsci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","NIHR London In-Vitro Diagnostics Cooperative, Imperial College of London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIHR London In-Vitro Diagnostics Cooperative, Imperial College of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060199482","display_name":"Alessio Malizia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2601-7009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182204967","display_name":"Molde University College","ror":"https://ror.org/00kxjcd28","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182204967"]}],"countries":["IT","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio Malizia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Molde University College, Molde, Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molde University College, Molde, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182204967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038134940","display_name":"Martin Schmettow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0240-4087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Schmettow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030378878","display_name":"Frank van der Velde","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank van der Velde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Learning, Data analysis, and Technology, Cognition, Data and Education (CODE) group, Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social sciences, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030034595","display_name":"Gunay Tariverdiyeva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142637","display_name":"Portbase","ror":"https://ror.org/0486mwv16","country_code":"NL","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142637"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gunay Tariverdiyeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Backbase, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Backbase, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064247943","display_name":"Divyaa Balaji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0654-467X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divyaa Balaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088431676","display_name":"Alan Chamberlain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2122-8077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alan Chamberlain","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088431676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":14.6999,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":202,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99190437,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"119"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatbot","display_name":"Chatbot","score":0.8959592580795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.8889297246932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7254330515861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.616599977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/checklist","display_name":"Checklist","score":0.5931280851364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-usability-scale","display_name":"System usability scale","score":0.5669295787811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5626198649406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5021476745605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.468424916267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.299369752407074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-evaluation","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","score":0.24847453832626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.156607985496521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870780","display_name":"Chatbot","level":2,"score":0.8959592580795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.8889297246932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7254330515861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.616599977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922625","display_name":"Checklist","level":2,"score":0.5931280851364136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139225968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146354","display_name":"System usability scale","level":4,"score":0.5669295787811279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5626198649406433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5021476745605469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.468424916267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.299369752407074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3255780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616517","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","level":3,"score":0.24847453832626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.156607985496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/89efc869-2a6e-4593-894a-871c7670cd68","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/89efc869-2a6e-4593-894a-871c7670cd68","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/264116529/Borsci_2021_The_chatbot_usability_scale_the_des.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Borsci, S, Malizia, A, Schmettow, M, Van Der Velde, F, Tariverdiyeva, G, Balaji, D & Chamberlain, A 2022, 'The Chatbot Usability Scale: the Design and Pilot of a Usability Scale for Interaction with AI-Based Conversational Agents', Personal and ubiquitous computing, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 95-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1120952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1120952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:himolde.brage.unit.no:11250/3122681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3122681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"95-119","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:5783036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5783036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G158456190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/S035362/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1934935867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Engineering and Physical Sciences R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3378117337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","funder_display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5209614513","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R044929/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G521268540","display_name":"PETRAS 2","funder_award_id":"EP/S035362/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7712193438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/T51729X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8069076109","display_name":"EPSRC NetworkPlus on Social Justice through the Digital Economy","funder_award_id":"EP/R044929/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8251700772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"V00784X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8452545418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8895942654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Imperial College","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","display_name":"Research Councils UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00dq2kk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320283","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320665","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187911027.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3187911027.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19399978","https://openalex.org/W57907297","https://openalex.org/W165359872","https://openalex.org/W591743112","https://openalex.org/W774357474","https://openalex.org/W1561943913","https://openalex.org/W1801891980","https://openalex.org/W1872582562","https://openalex.org/W1936883342","https://openalex.org/W1987398095","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2008330948","https://openalex.org/W2026250283","https://openalex.org/W2037881738","https://openalex.org/W2051163483","https://openalex.org/W2061504941","https://openalex.org/W2068406960","https://openalex.org/W2085757470","https://openalex.org/W2087271627","https://openalex.org/W2089544520","https://openalex.org/W2091954440","https://openalex.org/W2094290426","https://openalex.org/W2117812870","https://openalex.org/W2135151674","https://openalex.org/W2154013812","https://openalex.org/W2154686027","https://openalex.org/W2161013325","https://openalex.org/W2175307020","https://openalex.org/W2293723806","https://openalex.org/W2309013802","https://openalex.org/W2316931181","https://openalex.org/W2437555131","https://openalex.org/W2438300513","https://openalex.org/W2479916180","https://openalex.org/W2519974261","https://openalex.org/W2582188963","https://openalex.org/W2589387806","https://openalex.org/W2617509972","https://openalex.org/W2623779865","https://openalex.org/W2635153012","https://openalex.org/W2750767472","https://openalex.org/W2759491482","https://openalex.org/W2764019605","https://openalex.org/W2765338544","https://openalex.org/W2766505384","https://openalex.org/W2773244891","https://openalex.org/W2787787644","https://openalex.org/W2788204336","https://openalex.org/W2789650693","https://openalex.org/W2808216081","https://openalex.org/W2809915311","https://openalex.org/W2888047309","https://openalex.org/W2895220097","https://openalex.org/W2900107703","https://openalex.org/W2914188784","https://openalex.org/W2915566324","https://openalex.org/W2922711788","https://openalex.org/W2936032126","https://openalex.org/W2939803556","https://openalex.org/W2939975036","https://openalex.org/W2967630810","https://openalex.org/W2979877233","https://openalex.org/W2991792334","https://openalex.org/W3036770237","https://openalex.org/W3122379246","https://openalex.org/W3124865537","https://openalex.org/W6681444712","https://openalex.org/W6868458336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389372346","https://openalex.org/W4321269040","https://openalex.org/W4312686479","https://openalex.org/W3134655686","https://openalex.org/W4318240367","https://openalex.org/W4399756683","https://openalex.org/W3212641776","https://openalex.org/W4315621326","https://openalex.org/W4206998946","https://openalex.org/W4312350580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Standardised":[1],"tools":[2,159],"to":[3,50,54,71,107,147,194],"assess":[4,55,195],"a":[5,26,68,91,97,112,149,192],"user\u2019s":[6],"satisfaction":[7,73,158],"with":[8,30,60,77,117,128,142],"the":[9,38,56,64,75,88,109,170,177],"experience":[10,76,114],"of":[11,34,48,58,90,99,111,152,169,204],"using":[12],"chatbots":[13,49,61,113],"and":[14,41,46,62,66,133,166,173,185,208],"conversational":[15,164],"agents":[16],"are":[17],"currently":[18],"unavailable.":[19],"This":[20,94],"work":[21],"describes":[22],"four":[23],"studies,":[24],"including":[25],"systematic":[27],"literature":[28],"review,":[29],"an":[31],"overall":[32],"sample":[33],"141":[35],"participants":[36],"in":[37,87,115,136,157],"survey":[39],"(experts":[40],"novices),":[42],"focus":[43],"group":[44],"sessions":[45],"testing":[47,184],"(i)":[51,83],"define":[52],"attributes":[53],"quality":[57,110,168],"interaction":[59],"(ii)":[63,120],"designing":[65],"piloting":[67],"new":[69],"scale":[70],"measure":[72],"after":[74],"chatbots.":[78],"Two":[79],"instruments":[80],"were":[81],"developed:":[82],"A":[84,121],"diagnostic":[85],"tool":[86,95,193],"form":[89],"checklist":[92],"(BOT-Check).":[93],"is":[96],"development":[98],"previous":[100],"works":[101],"which":[102],"can":[103,188],"be":[104],"used":[105],"reliably":[106],"check":[108],"line":[116],"commonplace":[118],"principles.":[119],"15-item":[122],"questionnaire":[123],"(BOT":[124],"Usability":[125],"Scale,":[126],"BUS-15)":[127],"estimated":[129],"reliability":[130],"between":[131],".76":[132],".87":[134],"distributed":[135],"five":[137],"factors.":[138],"BUS-15":[139,181],"strongly":[140],"correlates":[141],"UMUX-LITE":[143],"by":[144],"enabling":[145],"designers":[146],"consider":[148],"broader":[150],"range":[151],"aspects":[153],"usually":[154],"not":[155],"considered":[156],"for":[160,201],"non-conversational":[161],"agents,":[162],"e.g.":[163],"efficiency":[165],"accessibility,":[167],"chatbot\u2019s":[171],"functionality":[172],"so":[174],"on.":[175],"Despite":[176],"convincing":[178],"psychometric":[179],"properties,":[180],"requires":[182],"further":[183],"validation.":[186],"Designers":[187],"use":[189],"it":[190],"as":[191],"products,":[196],"thus":[197],"building":[198],"independent":[199],"databases":[200],"future":[202],"evaluation":[203],"its":[205],"reliability,":[206],"validity":[207],"sensitivity.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T14:56:36.534964","created_date":"2021-08-16T00:00:00"}
