{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1986226592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","title":"Using kernels for a video-based mouse-replacement interface","display_name":"Using kernels for a video-based mouse-replacement interface","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1986226592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","mag":"1986226592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015030364","display_name":"Samuel Epstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-5023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Epstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048325165","display_name":"Eric Missimer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Missimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058798782","display_name":"Margrit Betke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-6868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margrit Betke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015030364"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":2.3702,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87652896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7892940044403076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7471357583999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7216713428497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-flow","display_name":"Optical flow","score":0.6290122270584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5000669956207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4983787536621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.45950740575790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1742314100265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07767027616500854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7892940044403076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7471357583999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7216713428497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155542232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736111","display_name":"Optical flow","level":3,"score":0.6290122270584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5000669956207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4983787536621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.45950740575790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1742314100265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07767027616500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00779-012-0617-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58126648","display_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","issn_l":"1617-4909","issn":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G103867799","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0910908","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3579070420","display_name":"HCC:   Intelligent Interfaces to Empower People with Disabilities to Participate in the Information Society","funder_award_id":"0713229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4112998793","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"910908","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4546358330","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10908","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1986226592.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1986226592.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70857234","https://openalex.org/W175604643","https://openalex.org/W179507175","https://openalex.org/W608941028","https://openalex.org/W1524902818","https://openalex.org/W1560724230","https://openalex.org/W1587761312","https://openalex.org/W1589626377","https://openalex.org/W1594223874","https://openalex.org/W1751846706","https://openalex.org/W1825970944","https://openalex.org/W1969780871","https://openalex.org/W1995771983","https://openalex.org/W2004195178","https://openalex.org/W2022144605","https://openalex.org/W2040564455","https://openalex.org/W2052348259","https://openalex.org/W2062657340","https://openalex.org/W2063082616","https://openalex.org/W2063085826","https://openalex.org/W2071797438","https://openalex.org/W2080572968","https://openalex.org/W2092993982","https://openalex.org/W2095257897","https://openalex.org/W2118877769","https://openalex.org/W2125499583","https://openalex.org/W2139419943","https://openalex.org/W2146399913","https://openalex.org/W2147169278","https://openalex.org/W2147652585","https://openalex.org/W2150856527","https://openalex.org/W2153233666","https://openalex.org/W2166947790","https://openalex.org/W2168443748","https://openalex.org/W2179427518","https://openalex.org/W2295103114","https://openalex.org/W3158663745","https://openalex.org/W3200788958","https://openalex.org/W4239127880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172197285","https://openalex.org/W2991048842","https://openalex.org/W2750280393","https://openalex.org/W2355696739","https://openalex.org/W3158001554","https://openalex.org/W2771909920","https://openalex.org/W2957704286","https://openalex.org/W2028936041","https://openalex.org/W2179141964","https://openalex.org/W4383103690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Some":[0],"people":[1],"cannot":[2],"use":[3],"their":[4,183],"hands":[5],"to":[6,12,32,35,59,139,185,250],"control":[7,36],"a":[8,45,61,101,104,133,178,244],"computer":[9],"mouse":[10,38],"due":[11],"conditions":[13],"such":[14,49,69],"as":[15,70],"cerebral":[16],"palsy":[17],"or":[18,73,99],"multiple":[19],"sclerosis.":[20],"For":[21],"these":[22,157],"individuals,":[23],"there":[24],"are":[25],"various":[26],"mouse-replacement":[27],"solutions.":[28],"One":[29,48],"approach":[30,58],"is":[31,127],"enable":[33],"them":[34],"the":[37,51,66,71,74,77,85,89,96,110,119,122,148,174,186,202,206,236,241],"pointer":[39],"using":[40,177],"head":[41,106,225,229],"motions":[42],"captured":[43],"with":[44,196,205,240,246],"web":[46],"camera.":[47],"system,":[50],"Camera":[52,123,150,203,237],"Mouse,":[53],"uses":[54,132],"an":[55,128,253],"optical":[56,80],"flow":[57,81],"track":[60],"manually-selected":[62],"small":[63],"patch":[64,92],"of":[65,76,112,136,173,214],"subject\u2019s":[67],"face,":[68],"nostril":[72],"edge":[75],"eyebrow.":[78],"The":[79,125],"tracker":[82,188],"may":[83],"lose":[84],"facial":[86,215],"feature":[87,98,113,220],"when":[88,100],"tracked":[90],"image":[91],"drifts":[93],"away":[94],"from":[95],"initially-selected":[97],"user":[102],"makes":[103],"rapid":[105,224],"movement.":[107],"To":[108],"address":[109],"problem":[111],"loss,":[114],"we":[115],"developed":[116],"and":[117,181,227],"incorporated":[118],"Kernel-Subset-Tracker":[120,126,207,242],"into":[121],"Mouse.":[124],"exemplar-based":[129],"method":[130],"that":[131,153,200],"training":[134],"set":[135],"representative":[137],"images":[138],"produce":[140],"online":[141],"templates":[142,158],"for":[143,167],"positional":[144],"tracking.":[145],"We":[146,169,231],"designed":[147],"augmented":[149,239],"Mouse":[151,204,238],"so":[152],"it":[154],"can":[155],"compute":[156],"in":[159],"real":[160],"time,":[161],"employing":[162],"kernel":[163],"techniques":[164],"traditionally":[165],"used":[166],"classification.":[168],"propose":[170],"three":[171],"versions":[172],"Kernel-Subset-Tracker,":[175],"each":[176],"different":[179,191],"kernel,":[180],"compared":[182],"performance":[184],"optical-flow":[187],"under":[189],"five":[190],"experimental":[192],"conditions.":[193],"Our":[194],"experiments":[195],"test":[197],"subjects":[198],"show":[199],"augmenting":[201],"improves":[208],"communication":[209],"bandwidth":[210],"statistically":[211],"significantly.":[212],"Tracking":[213],"features":[216],"was":[217],"accurate,":[218],"without":[219],"drift,":[221],"even":[222],"during":[223],"movements":[226],"extreme":[228],"orientations.":[230],"conclude":[232],"by":[233],"describing":[234],"how":[235],"enabled":[243],"stroke-victim":[245],"severe":[247],"motion":[248],"impairments":[249],"communicate":[251],"via":[252],"on-screen":[254],"keyboard.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}