{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142065829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","title":"Specifying and analyzing early requirements in Tropos","display_name":"Specifying and analyzing early requirements in Tropos","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142065829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","mag":"2142065829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207090427","display_name":"Requirements Engineering","issn_l":"0947-3602","issn":["0947-3602","1432-010X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Requirements Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017633018","display_name":"Ariel Fuxman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6760-997X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ariel Fuxman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383342","display_name":"Lin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-5738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052098157","display_name":"John Mylopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-3292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Mylopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 40 St. George St., Toronto, M5S\u00a02E4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Department of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036876399","display_name":"Marco Pistore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1425-942X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pistore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38050, Trento, Italy","University of Trento, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38050, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055975794","display_name":"Marco Roveri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-3940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111210","display_name":"Construction Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0221agg28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Roveri","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITC-irst, Via Sommarive 18, I-38050, Trento, Italy","ITC-irst, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Via Sommarive 18, I-38050, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039482178","display_name":"Paolo Traverso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-0204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111210","display_name":"Construction Technologies Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0221agg28","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Traverso","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITC-irst, Via Sommarive 18, I-38050, Trento, Italy","ITC-irst, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Via Sommarive 18, I-38050, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Department of Information and Communication Technology, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111210"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017633018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":{"value":2190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.1141,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":243,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99675207,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"132","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7132472991943359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-specification","display_name":"Formal specification","score":0.626342236995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.5585417151451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.5433089137077332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5292401313781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5211886763572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-of-temporal-ordering-specification","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","score":0.5020797252655029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.48188239336013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specification-language","display_name":"Specification language","score":0.45259925723075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refinement","display_name":"Refinement","score":0.4402845501899719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7132472991943359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116253237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437424","display_name":"Formal specification","level":2,"score":0.626342236995697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.5585417151451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.5433089137077332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5292401313781738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5211886763572693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90069079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805432","display_name":"Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification","level":3,"score":0.5020797252655029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.48188239336013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201677973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209840","display_name":"Specification language","level":2,"score":0.45259925723075867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14331664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3417382","display_name":"Refinement","level":3,"score":0.4402845501899719}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-004-0191-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207090427","display_name":"Requirements Engineering","issn_l":"0947-3602","issn":["0947-3602","1432-010X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Requirements Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.2.1352","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.2.1352","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dit.unitn.it/~tropos/papers_files/JRE03.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/64930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/64930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25695470","https://openalex.org/W116450752","https://openalex.org/W1489391022","https://openalex.org/W1503170978","https://openalex.org/W1516334706","https://openalex.org/W1550126879","https://openalex.org/W1787074469","https://openalex.org/W1801320017","https://openalex.org/W1986186023","https://openalex.org/W1988608457","https://openalex.org/W2017739343","https://openalex.org/W2030224590","https://openalex.org/W2046138576","https://openalex.org/W2050232108","https://openalex.org/W2060440626","https://openalex.org/W2066381570","https://openalex.org/W2099106391","https://openalex.org/W2114754412","https://openalex.org/W2125708466","https://openalex.org/W2142853014","https://openalex.org/W2156761600","https://openalex.org/W2157437711","https://openalex.org/W2168029386","https://openalex.org/W2471308051","https://openalex.org/W2913459036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W25224113","https://openalex.org/W2368560475","https://openalex.org/W2171674700","https://openalex.org/W4361193698","https://openalex.org/W1520778375","https://openalex.org/W2145025660","https://openalex.org/W2156223462","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W2897842245","https://openalex.org/W2255133889"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}