{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407799376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","title":"ALLC: autonomous lightweight distributed ledger constructor for securing IoT information","display_name":"ALLC: autonomous lightweight distributed ledger constructor for securing IoT information","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407799376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35593046","display_name":"Computing","issn_l":"0010-485X","issn":["0010-485X","1436-5057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061852024","display_name":"Mohamed A. Abo-Soliman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-540X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abo-Soliman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031862244","display_name":"Eman Shaaban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-3242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eman Shaaban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030742170","display_name":"Karim Emara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-9049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karim Emara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061852024"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":2.1783,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86657002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"107","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ledger","display_name":"Distributed ledger","score":0.8538471460342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ledger","display_name":"Ledger","score":0.7701936364173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6683323383331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5976542234420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.5844476819038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.38551586866378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3315313458442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.10520103573799133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accounting","display_name":"Accounting","score":0.04939955472946167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110971","display_name":"Distributed ledger","level":3,"score":0.8538471460342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91302708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732056","display_name":"Ledger","level":2,"score":0.7701936364173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6683323383331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5976542234420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.5844476819038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.38551586866378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3315313458442688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.10520103573799133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.04939955472946167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35593046","display_name":"Computing","issn_l":"0010-485X","issn":["0010-485X","1436-5057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00607-025-01424-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35593046","display_name":"Computing","issn_l":"0010-485X","issn":["0010-485X","1436-5057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321119","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407799376.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407799376.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131745075","https://openalex.org/W1977234485","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W1987125632","https://openalex.org/W2024624176","https://openalex.org/W2039522160","https://openalex.org/W2752599163","https://openalex.org/W2901341755","https://openalex.org/W2904900506","https://openalex.org/W2913127416","https://openalex.org/W2913205665","https://openalex.org/W2983008824","https://openalex.org/W2998730744","https://openalex.org/W3037937251","https://openalex.org/W3045400320","https://openalex.org/W3085361342","https://openalex.org/W3087934602","https://openalex.org/W3093478237","https://openalex.org/W3099583941","https://openalex.org/W3100637206","https://openalex.org/W3106158933","https://openalex.org/W3125634603","https://openalex.org/W4210552495","https://openalex.org/W4229027940","https://openalex.org/W4234278760","https://openalex.org/W4310737663","https://openalex.org/W4312650807","https://openalex.org/W4313886394","https://openalex.org/W4387174627","https://openalex.org/W4388273415","https://openalex.org/W4390970593","https://openalex.org/W4400281469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4253897078","https://openalex.org/W4283163498","https://openalex.org/W2530733036","https://openalex.org/W4221010187","https://openalex.org/W4406002160","https://openalex.org/W4226088185","https://openalex.org/W4320037181","https://openalex.org/W2810405473","https://openalex.org/W2979776202","https://openalex.org/W3160375675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Applying":[1],"Distributed":[2,198],"Ledger":[3,120,199],"Technologies":[4],"to":[5,28,63,81,96,108,122,179],"securely":[6],"manage":[7],"intercommunicated":[8],"data":[9,23],"between":[10],"IoT":[11,47,83],"applications":[12],"has":[13],"recently":[14],"been":[15],"adopted":[16],"on":[17,129,157],"an":[18,117],"enormous":[19],"scale.":[20],"They":[21],"enable":[22],"integrity,":[24],"privacy,":[25],"and":[26,44,55,88,104,126,161,183,191],"robustness":[27],"public,":[29],"open,":[30],"permission-less":[31],"P2P":[32],"networks.":[33],"Voting-based":[34],"consensus":[35],"algorithms":[36,94],"proved":[37],"high":[38,192],"efficiency":[39],"even":[40],"with":[41,85],"limited":[42],"computing":[43],"less":[45],"power":[46],"devices.":[48],"Moreover,":[49],"they":[50],"can":[51,133],"identify":[52],"legitimate":[53],"information":[54],"isolate":[56],"malicious":[57],"attackers":[58],"through":[59],"repetitive":[60],"voting":[61],"queries":[62],"adjacent":[64],"peers":[65],"asking":[66],"their":[67,158],"opinions":[68],"about":[69],"the":[70,92,162],"validity":[71,148],"of":[72,149],"each":[73],"transaction.":[74],"Several":[75],"lightweight":[76,171],"validation":[77],"models":[78],"are":[79,166],"introduced":[80],"enrich":[82],"networks":[84],"better":[86],"performance":[87,182,190],"higher":[89],"security.":[90,184],"Nevertheless,":[91],"current":[93],"struggle":[95],"find":[97],"adequate":[98],"parameters":[99],"that":[100],"balance":[101],"network":[102],"security":[103],"operability,":[105],"in":[106,111,140,151],"addition":[107],"balancing":[109],"fairness":[110],"distributed":[112,138],"environments.":[113],"This":[114],"paper":[115],"introduces":[116],"Autonomous":[118],"Lightweight":[119],"Constructor":[121],"resolve":[123],"common":[124],"defects":[125],"threats.":[127],"Based":[128],"Reinforcement":[130],"Learning,":[131],"it":[132],"dynamically":[134],"construct":[135],"a":[136,170],"valid":[137],"ledger":[139],"limited-computing":[141],"systems":[142],"under":[143],"several":[144],"adversarial":[145],"conditions.":[146],"The":[147,185],"transactions":[150],"this":[152],"approach":[153],"is":[154,177],"calculated":[155],"based":[156],"cumulative":[159],"weights":[160],"issuer\u2019s":[163],"reputation,":[164],"which":[165],"inferred":[167],"subjectively":[168],"by":[169],"Bayesian-like":[172],"function.":[173],"A":[174],"new":[175],"simulator":[176],"developed":[178],"evaluate":[180],"ALLC":[181],"experimental":[186],"results":[187],"demonstrate":[188],"reasonable":[189],"resistance":[193],"against":[194],"known":[195],"compromises":[196],"targeting":[197],"Technologies.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}