{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7127118274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2","title":"YOLO-TCS: an enhanced multi-scale network for traffic sign detection integrating multi-level feature fusion and attention","display_name":"YOLO-TCS: an enhanced multi-scale network for traffic sign detection integrating multi-level feature fusion and attention","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7127118274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112262039","display_name":"Multimedia Systems","issn_l":"0942-4962","issn":["0942-4962","1432-1882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124809137","display_name":"Xiao Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, No.391 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, No.391 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690","https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124812169","display_name":"Xin Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, No.391 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University of Technology, No.391 Binshui West Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690","https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124809137"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690","https://openalex.org/I136765683"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":138.583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99977917,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign","display_name":"Traffic sign","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.708899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6588000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign-recognition","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47690001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-detection","display_name":"Feature detection (computer vision)","score":0.39469999074935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8155999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983860417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170285","display_name":"Traffic sign","level":3,"score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.708899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6588000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6036999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6528762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1574298","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","level":4,"score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47690001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126422989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93586","display_name":"Feature detection (computer vision)","level":4,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781317605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832483","display_name":"Traffic analysis","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-025-02152-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112262039","display_name":"Multimedia Systems","issn_l":"0942-4962","issn":["0942-4962","1432-1882"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Multimedia Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3968818714","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502340","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2479866714","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2808910047","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3157402434","https://openalex.org/W3166596953","https://openalex.org/W4206754644","https://openalex.org/W4210667216","https://openalex.org/W4312533047","https://openalex.org/W4387197137","https://openalex.org/W4390619508","https://openalex.org/W4390873058","https://openalex.org/W4391848450","https://openalex.org/W4396545724","https://openalex.org/W4399874985","https://openalex.org/W4400268617","https://openalex.org/W4400391708","https://openalex.org/W4400625252","https://openalex.org/W4402727675","https://openalex.org/W4402754006","https://openalex.org/W4404371014","https://openalex.org/W4405907339","https://openalex.org/W4406884407","https://openalex.org/W4407121470","https://openalex.org/W4408315681","https://openalex.org/W4413810557"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T01:25:22.217667","created_date":"2026-02-03T00:00:00"}
