{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130504224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1","title":"Controlling ensemble variance in diffusion models: an application for reanalyses downscaling","display_name":"Controlling ensemble variance in diffusion models: an application for reanalyses downscaling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130504224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044895106","display_name":"Fabio Merizzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Merizzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics: Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40126, Bologna, Italy","The Climate Data Factory (TCDF), Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9067-793X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics: Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40126, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Climate Data Factory (TCDF), Paris, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019031326","display_name":"Davide Evangelista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-7717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Evangelista","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics: Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40126, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics: Science and Engineering (DISI), University of Bologna, Mura Anteo Zamboni 7, 40126, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030449213","display_name":"Harilaos Loukos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5417-5947"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harilaos Loukos","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Climate Data Factory (TCDF), Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Climate Data Factory (TCDF), Paris, France","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044895106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.4423,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98887824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.38440001010894775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.38440001010894775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.23420000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.026799999177455902,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.8184000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"Diffusion","score":0.7117999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downscaling","display_name":"Downscaling","score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-average","display_name":"Ensemble average","score":0.5555999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-assimilation","display_name":"Data assimilation","score":0.45579999685287476}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.8184000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.7117999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41156917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682831","display_name":"Downscaling","level":3,"score":0.6001999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51865526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5379962","display_name":"Ensemble average","level":2,"score":0.5555999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5407999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4542999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62644790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454689","display_name":"Variance reduction","level":3,"score":0.42750000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50311922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898535","display_name":"Statistical ensemble","level":4,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11709-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1046292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/1046292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7482953667640686,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1976255336","https://openalex.org/W2019097137","https://openalex.org/W2145808843","https://openalex.org/W2165396194","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2207659454","https://openalex.org/W2586790789","https://openalex.org/W2604521289","https://openalex.org/W2904652652","https://openalex.org/W2953901720","https://openalex.org/W3012397526","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3098383946","https://openalex.org/W3110588279","https://openalex.org/W3117774202","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3161810785","https://openalex.org/W3163568026","https://openalex.org/W4210619949","https://openalex.org/W4210896625","https://openalex.org/W4220664068","https://openalex.org/W4301373652","https://openalex.org/W4301594512","https://openalex.org/W4312963886","https://openalex.org/W4322011423","https://openalex.org/W4377013619","https://openalex.org/W4379184928","https://openalex.org/W4383101927","https://openalex.org/W4385255041","https://openalex.org/W4390561626","https://openalex.org/W4390768602","https://openalex.org/W4391321561","https://openalex.org/W4393319450","https://openalex.org/W4399048885","https://openalex.org/W4399615879","https://openalex.org/W4402782550","https://openalex.org/W4403513981","https://openalex.org/W4405592205","https://openalex.org/W4409795612"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}