{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413382159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","title":"Incdualpathnet : a hybrid architecture proposal for predicting energy production in a wastewater treatment plants","display_name":"Incdualpathnet : a hybrid architecture proposal for predicting energy production in a wastewater treatment plants","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413382159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082743252","display_name":"Pedro Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7143-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7143-5413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045225604","display_name":"Francisco S. Marcondes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-2261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco S. Marcondes","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-2261","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019897603","display_name":"M. Salom\u00e9 Duarte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4645-908X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Salom\u00e9 Duarte","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEB Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4645-908X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEB Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054879737","display_name":"Dalila Dur\u00e3es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-7023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalila Dur\u00e3es","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-7023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028803033","display_name":"Cristina Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-3513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136728","display_name":"Association for the Development of Douro Viticulture","ror":"https://ror.org/03na52343","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151606","display_name":"\u00c1guas de Portugal (Portugal)","ror":"https://ror.org/047979f88","country_code":"PT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151606"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Gon\u00e7alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aguas do Norte, S.A., Vila Real, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aguas do Norte, S.A., Vila Real, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136728","https://openalex.org/I4210151606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078267163","display_name":"Gilberto Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7187-0538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilberto Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEB Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7187-0538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEB Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048119697","display_name":"Paulo Nov\u00e1is","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3549-0754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Novais","raw_affiliation_strings":["ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3549-0754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ALGORITMI/LASI Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082743252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12901447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"31","first_page":"25805","last_page":"25833"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.932699978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9246000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science-and-engineering","display_name":"Computational Science and Engineering","score":0.8635356426239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.6602262854576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6130406260490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5337002873420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5138630867004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater","display_name":"Wastewater","score":0.5119234323501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3499342203140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-engineering","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","score":0.3454323410987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.3386343717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.26938116550445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22213372588157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13073408603668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.1091688871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08431863784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.081165611743927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68597687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362601","display_name":"Computational Science and Engineering","level":2,"score":0.8635356426239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6602262854576111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6130406260490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5337002873420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5138630867004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.5119234323501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3499342203140259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3454323410987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3386343717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.26938116550445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22213372588157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13073408603668213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.1091688871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08431863784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.081165611743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorium.uminho.pt:1822/97922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1822/97922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401240","display_name":"Reposit\u00f3riUM (Universidade do Minho)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","host_organization_name":"University of Minho","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-025-11545-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1534192892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022.06822.PTDC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310475","funder_display_name":"Fundo Regional para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1834785181","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRT/BD/154311/2022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310475","funder_display_name":"Fundo Regional para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310475","display_name":"Fundo Regional para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/027h2h886"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325399","display_name":"Universidade do Minho","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413382159.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413382159.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43382659","https://openalex.org/W1981276685","https://openalex.org/W2172163749","https://openalex.org/W2883062679","https://openalex.org/W2990917925","https://openalex.org/W2995574841","https://openalex.org/W3010500276","https://openalex.org/W3017116930","https://openalex.org/W3032979685","https://openalex.org/W3037826641","https://openalex.org/W3087967927","https://openalex.org/W3088722839","https://openalex.org/W3092593182","https://openalex.org/W3093340211","https://openalex.org/W3096945920","https://openalex.org/W3097816393","https://openalex.org/W3105126405","https://openalex.org/W3107738508","https://openalex.org/W3112543018","https://openalex.org/W3119095567","https://openalex.org/W3128038183","https://openalex.org/W3177318507","https://openalex.org/W3182706339","https://openalex.org/W3185243073","https://openalex.org/W3191831148","https://openalex.org/W3201217233","https://openalex.org/W3215853774","https://openalex.org/W3216351509","https://openalex.org/W4220794015","https://openalex.org/W4280550128","https://openalex.org/W4282840064","https://openalex.org/W4289635928","https://openalex.org/W4294719364","https://openalex.org/W4295689449","https://openalex.org/W4308391428","https://openalex.org/W4308809780","https://openalex.org/W4311777803","https://openalex.org/W4320486520","https://openalex.org/W4322632044","https://openalex.org/W4376113247","https://openalex.org/W4377092691","https://openalex.org/W4377832166","https://openalex.org/W4385215070","https://openalex.org/W4385261211","https://openalex.org/W4385722892","https://openalex.org/W4387167612","https://openalex.org/W4388072945","https://openalex.org/W4390748521","https://openalex.org/W4392354760","https://openalex.org/W4393861110","https://openalex.org/W4394829017","https://openalex.org/W4396540968","https://openalex.org/W4396678098","https://openalex.org/W4396808209","https://openalex.org/W4396845130","https://openalex.org/W4407876884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358752834","https://openalex.org/W2385882612","https://openalex.org/W2348940987","https://openalex.org/W4393232657","https://openalex.org/W4412093237","https://openalex.org/W4410929354","https://openalex.org/W4390638272","https://openalex.org/W4400467717","https://openalex.org/W2369202248","https://openalex.org/W1980686195"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"recent":[2],"years,":[3],"we":[4],"have":[5],"seen":[6],"a":[7,69,170,239],"growing":[8],"need":[9],"for":[10,89],"energy,":[11,34,51],"which":[12,149],"has":[13],"had":[14],"environmental":[15,59],"consequences":[16],"through":[17],"the":[18,25,37,58,90,141,146,155,165,218,223,230,235,245,249,255],"use":[19,32],"of":[20,24,27,33,161,175,183,191,204,234,247],"fossil":[21],"fuels.":[22],"Some":[23],"sectors":[26],"our":[28],"society":[29],"make":[30],"intensive":[31],"as":[35],"is":[36],"case":[38],"with":[39,164],"wastewater":[40],"treatment":[41],"plants":[42],"(WWTPs).":[43],"Through":[44],"anaerobic":[45,87],"digestion,":[46],"these":[47],"infrastructures":[48],"can":[49],"produce":[50],"therefore":[52],"improve":[53],"energy":[54,83],"efficiency":[55],"and":[56,67,117,133,140,152,193],"decrease":[57],"footprint.":[60],"This":[61],"study":[62,210],"aims":[63],"to":[64,81,130,238],"design,":[65],"tune":[66],"evaluate":[68],"hybrid":[70,95,147],"deep":[71],"learning":[72],"(DL)":[73],"model,":[74,148],"called":[75],"incremental":[76],"dual":[77],"path":[78],"network":[79],"(IDPN),":[80],"forecast":[82],"production":[84],"in":[85,158,227,242,254],"an":[86,208],"reactor":[88],"next":[91],"two":[92,123],"days.":[93],"The":[94],"model\u2019s":[96,256],"performance":[97,157],"was":[98,211],"compared":[99],"against":[100],"five":[101],"DL":[102],"models":[103],"conceived:":[104],"long":[105],"short-term":[106],"memory":[107],"(LSTMs),":[108],"multi-layer":[109],"perception":[110],"(MLP),":[111],"gated":[112],"recurrent":[113],"units":[114],"(GRUs),":[115],"Transformers":[116],"convolutional":[118],"neural":[119],"networks":[120],"(CNNs).":[121],"Furthermore,":[122],"data":[124,162],"processing":[125],"strategies":[126],"were":[127],"applied":[128],"due":[129],"system":[131],"failures":[132],"missing":[134],"values.":[135],"Four":[136],"model":[137,168],"evaluation":[138],"metrics":[139],"obtained":[142],"results":[143],"show":[144],"that":[145,214],"combines":[150],"LSTMs":[151],"CNNs,":[153],"presented":[154],"best":[156,166,224],"both":[159,228],"approaches":[160],"processing,":[163],"candidate":[167],"presenting":[169],"mean":[171,179,186],"absolute":[172,187],"error":[173,181,189],"(MAE)":[174],"312.1":[176],"kWh,":[177,185],"root":[178],"squared":[180],"(RMSE)":[182],"341.6":[184],"percentage":[188],"(MAPE)":[190],"15.9%":[192],"R":[194],"$$^{2}$$":[195],"<mml:math":[196],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[197],"<mml:mmultiscripts>":[198],"<mml:mrow/>":[199,200],"<mml:mn>2</mml:mn>":[201],"</mml:mmultiscripts>":[202],"</mml:math>":[203],"0.95.":[205],"Following":[206],"this,":[207],"ablation":[209],"conducted,":[212],"demonstrating":[213],"across":[215],"several":[216],"variations,":[217],"baseline":[219],"IDPN":[220],"consistently":[221],"achieved":[222],"results.":[225],"Moreover,":[226],"approaches,":[229],"removal":[231],"or":[232],"modification":[233],"CNN":[236],"led":[237],"severe":[240],"decline":[241],"performance,":[243],"surpassing":[244],"impact":[246],"altering":[248],"LSTM,":[250],"reinforcing":[251],"its":[252],"importance":[253],"architecture.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}