{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384559646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4","title":"Improving paraphrase generation using supervised neural-based statistical machine translation framework","display_name":"Improving paraphrase generation using supervised neural-based statistical machine translation framework","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384559646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092486420","display_name":"Abdur Razaq","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5400463","display_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01sb6ek09","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]}],"countries":["AE","PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdur Razaq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065504551","display_name":"Babar Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-4695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babar Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028044571","display_name":"Gohar F. Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-0918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gohar Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047026330","display_name":"Omar Alfandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-401X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Alfandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101831681","display_name":"Abrar Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-0769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91044093","display_name":"Zayed University","ror":"https://ror.org/03snqfa66","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abrar Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technological Innovation at Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91044093"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047996342","display_name":"Zahid Halim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3094-3483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5400463","display_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01sb6ek09","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]}],"countries":["AE","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahid Halim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101766352","display_name":"Atta Ur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-9926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149788","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/058tx1a56","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5400463","display_name":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01sb6ek09","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]}],"countries":["AE","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atta Ur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5400463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heriot-Watt University, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092486420"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149788","https://openalex.org/I5400463"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9172,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78987661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"11","first_page":"7705","last_page":"7719"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.778564453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7760677337646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7465408444404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paraphrase","display_name":"Paraphrase","score":0.6561000943183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.602975606918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5748041272163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5738976001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.526303768157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4832673668861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-similarity","display_name":"Semantic similarity","score":0.43788430094718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4266621768474579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3382265567779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.778564453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7760677337646484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7465408444404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780922921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255189","display_name":"Paraphrase","level":2,"score":0.6561000943183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.602975606918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5748041272163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5738976001739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.526303768157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4832673668861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130318100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268914","display_name":"Semantic similarity","level":2,"score":0.43788430094718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4266621768474579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3382265567779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08830-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W932413789","https://openalex.org/W1505629914","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2051593977","https://openalex.org/W2064514235","https://openalex.org/W2103081392","https://openalex.org/W2126034021","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2250225488","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251682575","https://openalex.org/W2539201987","https://openalex.org/W2613055727","https://openalex.org/W2631744962","https://openalex.org/W2741158979","https://openalex.org/W2755124548","https://openalex.org/W2789389684","https://openalex.org/W2896443452","https://openalex.org/W2949832505","https://openalex.org/W2952481978","https://openalex.org/W2963216553","https://openalex.org/W2964202145","https://openalex.org/W2964324871","https://openalex.org/W2970559004","https://openalex.org/W2975739294","https://openalex.org/W2984811147","https://openalex.org/W2988853560","https://openalex.org/W3034531294","https://openalex.org/W3039503126","https://openalex.org/W3099309639","https://openalex.org/W3117403310","https://openalex.org/W3187984161","https://openalex.org/W3199834251","https://openalex.org/W4285303967","https://openalex.org/W4292482649","https://openalex.org/W4376464994","https://openalex.org/W6601517772","https://openalex.org/W6601546299","https://openalex.org/W6603768312"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W191017350","https://openalex.org/W3137243147","https://openalex.org/W4206666510","https://openalex.org/W2018298289","https://openalex.org/W4321512656","https://openalex.org/W2384400852","https://openalex.org/W2963259630","https://openalex.org/W2070920720","https://openalex.org/W2398549619","https://openalex.org/W1542743110"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
