{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385634901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","title":"NFSDense201: microstructure image classification based on non-fixed size patch division with pre-trained DenseNet201 layers","display_name":"NFSDense201: microstructure image classification based on non-fixed size patch division with pre-trained DenseNet201 layers","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385634901","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016221020","display_name":"Prabal Datta Barua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-8333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145286018","display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/050113w36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143550","display_name":"Taylor's University","ror":"https://ror.org/0498pcx51","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96036126","display_name":"Kumamoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02cgss904","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96036126"]}],"countries":["AU","IN","JP","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Prabal Datta Barua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Australian International Institute of Higher Education, Sydney, Australia","School of Business (Information System), University of Southern Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia","Sydney School of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia","Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","School of Biosciences, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia","Cogninet Australia, Sydney, Australia","School of Computing, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India","School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia","School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5117-8333","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Australian International Institute of Higher Education, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business (Information System), University of Southern Queensland, Darling Heights, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sydney School of Education and Social Work, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biosciences, Taylor\u2019s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cogninet Australia, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96036126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040772000","display_name":"\u015eeng\u00fcl Do\u011fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9677-5684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","display_name":"F\u0131rat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05teb7b63","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sengul Dogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063017681","display_name":"G\u00fcrkan Kavuran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2651-5005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6573832","display_name":"Turgut \u00d6zal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03r7b1f79","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6573832"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gurkan Kavuran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6573832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067752341","display_name":"T\u00fcrker Tuncer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5126-6445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","display_name":"F\u0131rat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05teb7b63","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Turker Tuncer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027649343","display_name":"Ru\u2010San Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2086-6517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126319","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147238","display_name":"National Heart Centre Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/04f8k9513","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147238"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ru-San Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126319"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074179735","display_name":"U. Rajendra Acharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-8552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185523456","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Rajendra Acharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185523456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016221020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I129604602","https://openalex.org/I145286018","https://openalex.org/I185523456","https://openalex.org/I4210143550","https://openalex.org/I90745801","https://openalex.org/I96036126"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.4198,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51926598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"30","first_page":"22253","last_page":"22263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12039","display_name":"Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2508","display_name":"Surfaces, Coatings and Films"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.7441433668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7185299396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6801060438156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6471525430679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5216972231864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4691649377346039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4675760567188263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4601055383682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.45378822088241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4346035420894623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.34634286165237427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.7441433668136597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7185299396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6801060438156128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6471525430679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5216972231864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4691649377346039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4675760567188263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4601055383682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.45378822088241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4346035420894623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.34634286165237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-023-08825-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320985","display_name":"University of Southern Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjbnx57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385634901.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195150910","https://openalex.org/W1141054642","https://openalex.org/W2002644841","https://openalex.org/W2054472319","https://openalex.org/W2067250248","https://openalex.org/W2123679438","https://openalex.org/W2302501749","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2763223203","https://openalex.org/W2885954204","https://openalex.org/W2889396403","https://openalex.org/W2898156263","https://openalex.org/W2959947437","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W3022172938","https://openalex.org/W3033000587","https://openalex.org/W3080337579","https://openalex.org/W3089104945","https://openalex.org/W3089236919","https://openalex.org/W3107063238","https://openalex.org/W3109310009","https://openalex.org/W3111817041","https://openalex.org/W3134918572","https://openalex.org/W4230674625","https://openalex.org/W4285081463","https://openalex.org/W4309668086","https://openalex.org/W4353034637","https://openalex.org/W4362718268","https://openalex.org/W4376105338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W4390975304","https://openalex.org/W2748667022","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W3211770882","https://openalex.org/W2129933262","https://openalex.org/W2010629964","https://openalex.org/W2983135586"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,23],"the":[2,6,16,78,98,103,112,144,149,181,216,227,263,271],"field":[3],"of":[4,21,58,128,151,166,215,230,238,246,265],"nanoscience,":[5],"scanning":[7],"electron":[8],"microscope":[9],"(SEM)":[10],"is":[11,108],"widely":[12],"employed":[13],"to":[14,72,96,142,180],"visualize":[15],"surface":[17],"topography":[18],"and":[19,82,176,191,200,206,220,240],"composition":[20],"materials.":[22],"this":[24],"study,":[25],"we":[26,42,62,88,133,153,210,261],"present":[27],"a":[28,44,65,124,135,157,233,241],"novel":[29],"SEM":[30,160,256],"image":[31,54,161,257],"classification":[32,208,235,243,258],"model":[33],"called":[34],"NFSDense201,":[35,152,231],"which":[36,107],"incorporates":[37],"several":[38],"key":[39],"components.":[40],"Firstly,":[41],"propose":[43],"unique":[45],"nested":[46],"patch":[47],"division":[48],"approach":[49],"that":[50],"divides":[51],"each":[52,268],"input":[53,118],"into":[55],"four":[56,113],"patches":[57],"varying":[59],"dimensions.":[60],"Secondly,":[61],"utilize":[63],"DenseNet201,":[64],"deep":[66,75],"neural":[67],"network":[68],"pretrained":[69],"on":[70],"ImageNet1k,":[71],"extract":[73],"2920":[74],"features":[76,101],"from":[77,102],"last":[79],"fully":[80],"connected":[81],"global":[83],"average":[84],"pooling":[85],"layers.":[86],"Thirdly,":[87],"introduce":[89],"an":[90],"iterative":[91],"neighborhood":[92],"component":[93],"analysis":[94],"function":[95],"select":[97],"most":[99],"discriminative":[100],"merged":[104],"feature":[105,114,126],"vector,":[106],"formed":[109],"by":[110],"concatenating":[111],"vectors":[115],"extracted":[116],"per":[117],"image.":[119],"This":[120],"process":[121],"results":[122,225],"in":[123,270],"final":[125],"vector":[127,139],"optimal":[129],"length":[130],"698.":[131],"Lastly,":[132],"employ":[134],"standard":[136],"shallow":[137],"support":[138],"machine":[140],"classifier":[141],"perform":[143],"actual":[145],"classification.":[146],"To":[147],"evaluate":[148],"performance":[150,229,264],"conducted":[154],"experiments":[155],"using":[156,213],"large":[158],"public":[159],"dataset.":[162,272],"The":[163,224],"dataset":[164,217],"consists":[165],"972,":[167],"162,":[168],"326,":[169],"4590,":[170],"3820,":[171],"3925,":[172],"4755,":[173],"181,":[174],"917,":[175],"1624.jpeg":[177],"images":[178],"belonging":[179],"following":[182],"microstructural":[183],"categories:":[184],"\u201cbiological,\u201d":[185],"\u201cfibers,\u201d":[186],"\u201cfilm-coated":[187],"surfaces,\u201d":[188,196],"\u201cMEMS":[189],"devices":[190],"electrodes,\u201d":[192],"\u201cnanowires,\u201d":[193],"\u201cparticles,\u201d":[194],"\u201cpattern":[195],"\u201cporous":[197],"sponge,\u201d":[198],"\u201cpowder,\u201d":[199],"\u201ctips,\u201d":[201],"respectively.":[202,223],"For":[203],"both":[204],"four-class":[205,234],"ten-class":[207,242],"tasks,":[209],"evaluated":[211],"NFSDense201":[212,266],"subsets":[214],"containing":[218],"5080":[219],"21,272":[221],"images,":[222],"demonstrate":[226],"superior":[228],"achieving":[232],"accuracy":[236,244,249],"rate":[237,245],"99.53%":[239],"97.09%.":[247],"These":[248],"rates":[250],"compare":[251],"favorably":[252],"against":[253],"previously":[254],"published":[255],"models.":[259],"Additionally,":[260],"report":[262],"for":[267],"class":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-13T06:13:01.061226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}