{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4280530123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","title":"A supervised discriminant data representation: application to pattern classification","display_name":"A supervised discriminant data representation: application to pattern classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4280530123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081042741","display_name":"Fadi Dornaika","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110594554","display_name":"Ikerbasque","ror":"https://ror.org/01cc3fy72","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110594554"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}],"countries":["CN","ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. Dornaika","raw_affiliation_strings":["IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain","School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-9680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110594554"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075375116","display_name":"A. Khoder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-363X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Khoder","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069092734","display_name":"Abdelmalik Moujahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4971-3613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Moujahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017210628","display_name":"Wassim Khoder","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143002897","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulon","ror":"https://ror.org/02m9kbe37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143002897"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114274","display_name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/0257sgk90","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I143002897","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210114274"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Khoder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d\u2019Informatique et des Syst\u00e8mes (LIS), Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, Toulon, France","Laboratoire d'Informatique et des Syst\u00e8mes (LIS), Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, Toulon, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d\u2019Informatique et des Syst\u00e8mes (LIS), Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, Toulon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143002897","https://openalex.org/I4210114274"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique et des Syst\u00e8mes (LIS), Universit\u00e9 de Toulon, Toulon, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143002897","https://openalex.org/I4210114274"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081042741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110594554","https://openalex.org/I169108374","https://openalex.org/I173899330"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"fwci":0.405,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54419006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"19","first_page":"16879","last_page":"16895"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.6363943815231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6154623627662659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6076672673225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5992013812065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.550078272819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.5171510577201843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4554443359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.45138272643089294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.4471365809440613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4398162066936493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40814313292503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34980514645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.18224847316741943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.6363943815231323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6154623627662659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6076672673225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5992013812065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.550078272819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.5171510577201843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4554443359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.45138272643089294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.4471365809440613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4398162066936493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40814313292503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34980514645576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.18224847316741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.21898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.21898","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.21898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00521-022-07332-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7099999785423279}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321919","display_name":"Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280530123.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4280530123.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1175789168","https://openalex.org/W1575192016","https://openalex.org/W1608549042","https://openalex.org/W1621802500","https://openalex.org/W1975900269","https://openalex.org/W1996232089","https://openalex.org/W2027717478","https://openalex.org/W2084796520","https://openalex.org/W2088100205","https://openalex.org/W2122210511","https://openalex.org/W2122825543","https://openalex.org/W2123921160","https://openalex.org/W2124215850","https://openalex.org/W2125055259","https://openalex.org/W2134262590","https://openalex.org/W2151543530","https://openalex.org/W2170858770","https://openalex.org/W2257217404","https://openalex.org/W2280737108","https://openalex.org/W2398606097","https://openalex.org/W2417723176","https://openalex.org/W2611159092","https://openalex.org/W2612496192","https://openalex.org/W2770314314","https://openalex.org/W2789008277","https://openalex.org/W2791052411","https://openalex.org/W2792991240","https://openalex.org/W2794208501","https://openalex.org/W2794357878","https://openalex.org/W2944238863","https://openalex.org/W3003679570","https://openalex.org/W3010949679","https://openalex.org/W3017433385","https://openalex.org/W3129710776","https://openalex.org/W3176549412","https://openalex.org/W4302161581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350751952","https://openalex.org/W1999647744","https://openalex.org/W2362114017","https://openalex.org/W3147024994","https://openalex.org/W2063246903","https://openalex.org/W2374055396","https://openalex.org/W1978302214","https://openalex.org/W2021817983","https://openalex.org/W2104382484","https://openalex.org/W3008559849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,44,104,135,160],"performance":[2],"of":[3,19,32,51,99,129,175],"machine":[4,25,42],"learning":[5,26],"and":[6,35,79,122,138,156,173,192],"pattern":[7],"recognition":[8],"algorithms":[9,27],"generally":[10],"depends":[11],"on":[12,108,151,186],"data":[13,36,121],"representation.":[14],"That":[15],"is":[16,93,163],"why,":[17],"much":[18],"the":[20,30,97,114,120,125,132,139,166,171,183,194],"current":[21],"effort":[22],"in":[23,47,61,165,203],"performing":[24],"goes":[28],"into":[29],"design":[31],"preprocessing":[33],"frameworks":[34],"transformations":[37],"able":[38,94,198],"to":[39,58,95,112,123,182,199],"support":[40],"effective":[41],"learning.":[43],"method":[45,155,196],"proposed":[46,161,195],"this":[48],"work":[49],"consists":[50],"a":[52,89],"hybrid":[53],"linear":[54,70,75,136,177],"feature":[55],"extraction":[56],"scheme":[57,149],"be":[59],"used":[60],"supervised":[62],"multi-class":[63],"classification":[64],"problems.":[65],"Inspired":[66],"by":[67],"two":[68,101],"recent":[69],"discriminant":[71,76,178],"methods:":[72],"robust":[73],"sparse":[74],"analysis":[77],"(RSLDA)":[78],"inter-class":[80],"sparsity-based":[81],"discriminative":[82],"least":[83],"square":[84],"regression":[85],"(ICS_DLSR),":[86],"we":[87],"propose":[88],"unifying":[90],"criterion":[91],"that":[92,116,168],"retain":[96],"advantages":[98],"these":[100],"powerful":[102],"methods.":[103,180],"resulting":[105],"transformation":[106,137],"relies":[107],"sparsity-promoting":[109],"techniques":[110],"both":[111],"select":[113],"features":[115],"most":[117,204],"accurately":[118],"represent":[119],"preserve":[124],"row-sparsity":[126],"consistency":[127],"property":[128],"samples":[130],"from":[131],"same":[133],"class.":[134],"orthogonal":[140],"matrix":[141],"are":[142],"estimated":[143],"using":[144],"an":[145],"iterative":[146],"alternating":[147],"minimization":[148],"based":[150],"steepest":[152],"descent":[153],"gradient":[154],"different":[157],"initialization":[158],"schemes.":[159],"framework":[162],"generic":[164],"sense":[167],"it":[169],"allows":[170],"combination":[172],"tuning":[174],"other":[176],"embedding":[179],"According":[181],"experiments":[184],"conducted":[185],"several":[187],"datasets":[188],"including":[189],"faces,":[190],"objects,":[191],"digits,":[193],"was":[197],"outperform":[200],"competing":[201],"methods":[202],"cases.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}