{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052503006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","title":"Probabilistic two-dimensional principal component analysis and its mixture model for face recognition","display_name":"Probabilistic two-dimensional principal component analysis and its mixture model for face recognition","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052503006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","mag":"2052503006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018364879","display_name":"Haixian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8220-9737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haixian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China","Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education, 210096, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Ministry of Education, 210096, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102897927","display_name":"Si-Bao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-0162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sibao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China","University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, 230027, Hefei, Anhui, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006620004","display_name":"Zilan Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92178344","display_name":"Anhui University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02qdtrq21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92178344"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zilan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Physics, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, 243002, China","Anhui University of Technology, School of Mathematics and Physics, 243002, Maanshan, Anhui, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Physics, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui, 243002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92178344"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University of Technology, School of Mathematics and Physics, 243002, Maanshan, Anhui, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92178344"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372676","display_name":"Bin Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5948-5055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Lab of ICSP of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230039, China","Anhui University, Key Lab of ICSP of Ministry of Education, 230039, Hefei, Anhui, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Lab of ICSP of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230039, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anhui University, Key Lab of ICSP of Ministry of Education, 230039, Hefei, Anhui, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018364879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":{"value":2990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7411,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78160968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"5-6","first_page":"541","last_page":"547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9251000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.7540615797042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6848937273025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6661946177482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5971736907958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5828850269317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.5344525575637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5222407579421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.5038649439811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.48908406496047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4728824496269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.46759718656539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.46213358640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.4571821689605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.45322686433792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4128403663635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41166695952415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.4104453921318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.39313292503356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.390311062335968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.18458831310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14466330409049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.11645954847335815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.7540615797042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6848937273025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6661946177482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5971736907958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5828850269317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.5344525575637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5222407579421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5038649439811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.48908406496047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4728824496269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.46759718656539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.46213358640670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.4571821689605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.45322686433792114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4128403663635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41166695952415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.4104453921318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.39313292503356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.390311062335968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.18458831310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14466330409049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.11645954847335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-007-0155-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147897268","display_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","issn_l":"0941-0643","issn":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computing and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494766256","https://openalex.org/W1510147702","https://openalex.org/W1541521713","https://openalex.org/W1591385104","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W2021779785","https://openalex.org/W2053880411","https://openalex.org/W2096773956","https://openalex.org/W2102544846","https://openalex.org/W2117853077","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2146610201","https://openalex.org/W2148694408","https://openalex.org/W2994340921","https://openalex.org/W3203006154","https://openalex.org/W4232023503","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292023222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2473373438","https://openalex.org/W2368486525","https://openalex.org/W805531662","https://openalex.org/W2077224612","https://openalex.org/W2153481672","https://openalex.org/W2075383893","https://openalex.org/W84255947","https://openalex.org/W2891133681","https://openalex.org/W2014842417","https://openalex.org/W4312864369"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}