{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888065371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","title":"Low-Power Wide-Area technologies as building block for smart sensors in air quality measurements","display_name":"Low-Power Wide-Area technologies as building block for smart sensors in air quality measurements","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888065371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","mag":"2888065371"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36874608","display_name":"e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","issn_l":"0932-383X","issn":["0932-383X","1613-7620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"e &amp; i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061702419","display_name":"Markus Knoll","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9420-9267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Markus Knoll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045068427","display_name":"Philipp Breitegger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3049-4921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Breitegger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065192962","display_name":"Alexander Bergmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3343-8319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Bergmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 10/II, 8010, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061702419"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"fwci":0.7825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70507044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"135","issue":"6","first_page":"416","last_page":"422"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.6552594900131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6327939629554749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-quality","display_name":"Power quality","score":0.5375369191169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4496685266494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4398612976074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4357931911945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41435372829437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4098503887653351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33649224042892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07522013783454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05239573121070862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6552594900131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6327939629554749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779665505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780079","display_name":"Power quality","level":3,"score":0.5375369191169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4496685266494751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4398612976074219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4357931911945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41435372829437256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4098503887653351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33649224042892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07522013783454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05239573121070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36874608","display_name":"e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","issn_l":"0932-383X","issn":["0932-383X","1613-7620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"e &amp; i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00502-018-0639-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36874608","display_name":"e+i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","issn_l":"0932-383X","issn":["0932-383X","1613-7620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"e &amp; i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310430","display_name":"TU Graz, Internationale Beziehungen und Mobilit\u00e4tsprogramme","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888065371.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888065371.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536596303","https://openalex.org/W2238723005","https://openalex.org/W2475217919","https://openalex.org/W2520480241","https://openalex.org/W2566667959","https://openalex.org/W2592123986","https://openalex.org/W2624810752","https://openalex.org/W2646230122","https://openalex.org/W2757709029","https://openalex.org/W2765891303","https://openalex.org/W2781583119","https://openalex.org/W2785908240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2383869160","https://openalex.org/W3052481912","https://openalex.org/W2355215981","https://openalex.org/W2392092726","https://openalex.org/W2361368568","https://openalex.org/W2349432092","https://openalex.org/W2379860896","https://openalex.org/W2370326874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"At":[0],"present,":[1],"air":[2,27,59,76,105],"pollution":[3,28,60,77,106],"monitoring":[4],"is":[5,32,51,54,116,137],"carried":[6],"out":[7],"at":[8],"low":[9,99],"spatial":[10,122],"resolution":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,24,57,162],"high":[14,19],"costs,":[15],"coming":[16],"along":[17],"with":[18,98],"accurate":[20],"measurement":[21,29],"equipment.":[22],"Therefore,":[23],"expand":[25],"the":[26,63,67,125,148],"density,":[30],"data":[31],"fed":[33],"into":[34],"dispersion":[35],"models,":[36],"which":[37,53,111],"only":[38],"provide":[39],"approximate":[40],"results.":[41],"To":[42],"overcome":[43],"this":[44],"issue,":[45],"a":[46,143],"much":[47],"denser":[48],"sensor":[49],"network":[50],"required,":[52],"directly":[55],"able":[56],"monitor":[58],"values.":[61],"With":[62],"emerging":[64],"technologies":[65,127],"in":[66,147],"Wireless":[68],"Sensor":[69],"Network":[70],"(WSN)":[71],"area,":[72],"extensive":[73],"analysis":[74],"of":[75,95,151,160],"can":[78],"be":[79],"achieved.":[80],"Especially":[81],"Low-Power":[82],"Wide-Area":[83],"Networks":[84],"(LPWAN)":[85],"such":[86],"as":[87],"LoRa,":[88,128,154],"Sigfox":[89,129],"or":[90,130],"NB-IoT":[91,131],"enable":[92,120],"smart":[93],"sensing":[94],"wide":[96],"areas":[97],"power":[100],"consumption.":[101],"After":[102],"introducing":[103],"why":[104],"measurements":[107,141],"are":[108,113,132],"indispensable":[109],"and":[110,134,142],"pollutants":[112],"measured,":[114],"it":[115],"discussed":[117],"how":[118],"LPWAN":[119,126],"dense":[121],"resolution.":[123],"Subsequently,":[124],"introduced":[133],"compared.":[135],"This":[136],"followed":[138],"by":[139],"distance":[140],"path":[144],"loss":[145],"evaluation":[146],"urban":[149],"area":[150],"Graz":[152],"using":[153],"where":[155],"we":[156],"reached":[157],"communication":[158],"distances":[159],"up":[161],"1.740":[163],"m.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
