{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1992928577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s005000000064","title":"Molecular approach to informal computing","display_name":"Molecular approach to informal computing","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1992928577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s005000000064","mag":"1992928577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s005000000064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s005000000064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65753830","display_name":"Soft Computing","issn_l":"1432-7643","issn":["1432-7643","1433-7479"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004916607","display_name":"Klaus\u2010Peter Zauner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K.-P. Zauner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA","Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA E-mails: kjz@cs.wayne.edu, conrad@cs.wayne.edu, , US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA E-mails: kjz@cs.wayne.edu, conrad@cs.wayne.edu, , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079465848","display_name":"Michael Conrad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3285-513X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Conrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA","Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA E-mails: kjz@cs.wayne.edu, conrad@cs.wayne.edu, , US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA E-mails: kjz@cs.wayne.edu, conrad@cs.wayne.edu, , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004916607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76560795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11445","display_name":"Origins and Evolution of Life","score":0.9074000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-computing","display_name":"Natural computing","score":0.7154158353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.710038423538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.534540593624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-processing","display_name":"Information processing","score":0.4618052840232849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.40844404697418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34790223836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.16110941767692566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192979234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176890","display_name":"Natural computing","level":2,"score":0.7154158353805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.710038423538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.534540593624115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.4618052840232849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40844404697418213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34790223836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.16110941767692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s005000000064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s005000000064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65753830","display_name":"Soft Computing","issn_l":"1432-7643","issn":["1432-7643","1433-7479"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2138585096","https://openalex.org/W1499667236","https://openalex.org/W2113772288","https://openalex.org/W2140798747","https://openalex.org/W2730112582","https://openalex.org/W2901335732","https://openalex.org/W2287758224","https://openalex.org/W2099315601","https://openalex.org/W1808479644","https://openalex.org/W2141069492"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
