{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214930433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x","title":"Multi-group discrete symbiotic organisms search applied in traveling salesman problems","display_name":"Multi-group discrete symbiotic organisms search applied in traveling salesman problems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214930433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65753830","display_name":"Soft Computing","issn_l":"1432-7643","issn":["1432-7643","1433-7479"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056701695","display_name":"Zhi-Gang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6380-889X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Gang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6380-889X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019810689","display_name":"Jeng\u2010Shyang Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43313876","display_name":"Dalian Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/002b7nr53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeng-Shyang Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China","College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 10587, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3128-9025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 10587, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43313876"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105826134","display_name":"Shu\u2010Chuan Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-0618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169541294","display_name":"Flinders University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kpzv902","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shu-Chuan Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China","College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, 1284 South Road, Clovelly Park, SA, 5042, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2117-0618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, 1284 South Road, Clovelly Park, SA, 5042, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169541294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066282761","display_name":"Yi-Jui Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-9321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Jui Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105826134"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169541294","https://openalex.org/I80143920"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82826767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"9","first_page":"4363","last_page":"4373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6105940341949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-intelligence","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","score":0.6000968217849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travelling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","score":0.5787448883056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5506828427314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5498334765434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5066340565681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.49706652760505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46057820320129395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4494941234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.43207836151123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.4212546646595001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3586673438549042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.29796266555786133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6105940341949463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119487961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863960","display_name":"Swarm intelligence","level":3,"score":0.6000968217849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175859090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322212","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","level":2,"score":0.5787448883056641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5506828427314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5498334765434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5066340565681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.49706652760505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46057820320129395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4494941234588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.43207836151123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4212546646595001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3586673438549042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.29796266555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-06862-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65753830","display_name":"Soft Computing","issn_l":"1432-7643","issn":["1432-7643","1433-7479"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1692398116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSF 215 61872085","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G754157017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018Y3001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","funder_display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G939864048","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018J01638","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321878","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323190","display_name":"Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00rgzpv08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1577517492","https://openalex.org/W1873825498","https://openalex.org/W1974010881","https://openalex.org/W1996081549","https://openalex.org/W2013517059","https://openalex.org/W2030346487","https://openalex.org/W2066173509","https://openalex.org/W2082759946","https://openalex.org/W2083778000","https://openalex.org/W2091638274","https://openalex.org/W2098477891","https://openalex.org/W2104055432","https://openalex.org/W2123066915","https://openalex.org/W2133637456","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2154929945","https://openalex.org/W2280115106","https://openalex.org/W2469486255","https://openalex.org/W2591927365","https://openalex.org/W2606614801","https://openalex.org/W2623214827","https://openalex.org/W2732184371","https://openalex.org/W2771183683","https://openalex.org/W2771210547","https://openalex.org/W2792868876","https://openalex.org/W2885157576","https://openalex.org/W2886172827","https://openalex.org/W2898339955","https://openalex.org/W2902753789","https://openalex.org/W2910382407","https://openalex.org/W2911344151","https://openalex.org/W2912035360","https://openalex.org/W2913477321","https://openalex.org/W2913907555","https://openalex.org/W2928261986","https://openalex.org/W2945797426","https://openalex.org/W2950554611","https://openalex.org/W2952195127","https://openalex.org/W2974448950","https://openalex.org/W2981987479","https://openalex.org/W2999259805","https://openalex.org/W3001133508","https://openalex.org/W3001859104","https://openalex.org/W3002684926","https://openalex.org/W3003224588","https://openalex.org/W3003236177","https://openalex.org/W3003575590","https://openalex.org/W3003889696","https://openalex.org/W3005952462","https://openalex.org/W3111762745","https://openalex.org/W3133761197","https://openalex.org/W3134719405","https://openalex.org/W3144240269","https://openalex.org/W4289253811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525389557","https://openalex.org/W2006251942","https://openalex.org/W2361554335","https://openalex.org/W4297427155","https://openalex.org/W3025823153","https://openalex.org/W3136451934","https://openalex.org/W3200006077","https://openalex.org/W2975368677","https://openalex.org/W2170228269","https://openalex.org/W3181076037"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}