{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982014679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","title":"A Constant-Time Algorithm for Middle Levels Gray Codes","display_name":"A Constant-Time Algorithm for Middle Levels Gray Codes","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982014679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","mag":"2982014679"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028248747","display_name":"Torsten M\u00fctze","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-7436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Torsten M\u00fctze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Mathematik, TU Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Mathematik, TU Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091117676","display_name":"Jerri Nummenpalo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-7364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerri Nummenpalo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028248747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8672,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81387835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"5","first_page":"1239","last_page":"1258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-code","display_name":"Gray code","score":0.8353016376495361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray","display_name":"Gray (unit)","score":0.6520211696624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.638038158416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.6290730237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjecture","display_name":"Conjecture","score":0.6159217953681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-computation","display_name":"Theory of computation","score":0.587023913860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5524057745933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4465131163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4443175196647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.4186869263648987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24063724279403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.23828715085983276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129861397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332772","display_name":"Gray code","level":2,"score":0.8353016376495361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166275286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190095","display_name":"Gray (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6520211696624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.638038158416748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.6290730237960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780990831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319141","display_name":"Conjecture","level":2,"score":0.6159217953681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24858836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844718","display_name":"Theory of computation","level":2,"score":0.587023913860321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5524057745933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4465131163597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4443175196647644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4186869263648987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24063724279403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.23828715085983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-019-00640-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:142258","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1912334326","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"413902284","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5707405693","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19-08554S","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321006","funder_display_name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321006","display_name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","ror":"https://ror.org/01pv73b02"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W564876983","https://openalex.org/W1583325710","https://openalex.org/W1599241955","https://openalex.org/W1656699529","https://openalex.org/W1945596496","https://openalex.org/W1968184858","https://openalex.org/W1971619037","https://openalex.org/W1971930515","https://openalex.org/W1972816631","https://openalex.org/W1973089617","https://openalex.org/W1982120981","https://openalex.org/W1985542405","https://openalex.org/W1989190970","https://openalex.org/W1993749868","https://openalex.org/W1995300673","https://openalex.org/W1996407906","https://openalex.org/W2016863833","https://openalex.org/W2019778981","https://openalex.org/W2029196217","https://openalex.org/W2043415250","https://openalex.org/W2043423968","https://openalex.org/W2043605821","https://openalex.org/W2044338030","https://openalex.org/W2046815858","https://openalex.org/W2050034390","https://openalex.org/W2052298978","https://openalex.org/W2057436596","https://openalex.org/W2066220551","https://openalex.org/W2081921708","https://openalex.org/W2084858300","https://openalex.org/W2089687380","https://openalex.org/W2091058556","https://openalex.org/W2091923122","https://openalex.org/W2093442396","https://openalex.org/W2095382539","https://openalex.org/W2097603218","https://openalex.org/W2109410667","https://openalex.org/W2114138894","https://openalex.org/W2161420356","https://openalex.org/W2295541614","https://openalex.org/W2471996798","https://openalex.org/W2495998649","https://openalex.org/W2519715328","https://openalex.org/W2963248549","https://openalex.org/W2963283269","https://openalex.org/W2963999055","https://openalex.org/W3100954633","https://openalex.org/W3101963824","https://openalex.org/W3103181869","https://openalex.org/W3105854028","https://openalex.org/W3158027121","https://openalex.org/W4231075076","https://openalex.org/W4242133543","https://openalex.org/W4253699484","https://openalex.org/W4302771278"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2952915392","https://openalex.org/W2766104912","https://openalex.org/W4298198176","https://openalex.org/W4300694038","https://openalex.org/W2085096159","https://openalex.org/W1989316102","https://openalex.org/W2952208190","https://openalex.org/W2740334431","https://openalex.org/W4212808623","https://openalex.org/W2275744826"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}