{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2596740160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","title":"Linear Kernels for Outbranching Problems in Sparse Digraphs","display_name":"Linear Kernels for Outbranching Problems in Sparse Digraphs","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2596740160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","mag":"2596740160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00453-016-0244-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00453-016-0244-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029166445","display_name":"Marthe Bonamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7905-8018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15057530","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/057qpr032","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15057530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101743","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Robotique et de Micro\u00e9lectronique de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/013yean28","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I151295451","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I4210101743","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4405261681"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142254","display_name":"Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique","ror":"https://ror.org/03adqg323","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4210142254","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marthe Bonamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, LaBRI, Universit de Bordeaux, Talence, France","LIRMM, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, LaBRI, Universit de Bordeaux, Talence, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210142254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIRMM, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084157220","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Kowalik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7546-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4654613","display_name":"University of Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}],"countries":["FI","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0141ukasz Kowalik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","Instytut Informatyki"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instytut Informatyki","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000479623","display_name":"Micha\u0142 Pilipczuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-1988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4654613","display_name":"University of Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}],"countries":["FI","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Micha\u0142 Pilipczuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","Instytut Informatyki"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instytut Informatyki","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073398305","display_name":"Arkadiusz Soca\u0142a","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4654613","display_name":"University of Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/039bjqg32","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]}],"countries":["FI","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arkadiusz Soca\u0142a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","Instytut Informatyki"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4654613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instytut Informatyki","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029166445"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I15057530","https://openalex.org/I4210101743","https://openalex.org/I4210142254"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18581735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"1","first_page":"159","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.45399999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.45399999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.2542000114917755,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.1031000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5501403212547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.4141429364681244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.329184889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3133336305618286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5501403212547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.4141429364681244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.329184889793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3133336305618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00453-016-0244-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01431374v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01431374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"10th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation, 2015, Patras, Greece","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"pmh:oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:5583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.IPEC.2015.199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196569","display_name":"DROPS (Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799853480","host_organization_name":"Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"InProceedings"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1509.01675","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1509.01675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.4230/lipics.ipec.2015.199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4230/lipics.ipec.2015.199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052059","display_name":"Dagstuhl Research Online Publication Server","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-016-0244-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00453-016-0244-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2393148623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013/09/B/ST6/03136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4438138237","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EGOS (2012-2015) 12 JS02 002 01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249936413","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12 JS02 002 01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6851345361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321042","display_name":"Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej","ror":"https://ror.org/048zd9m77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2596740160.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2596740160.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493923326","https://openalex.org/W1533217239","https://openalex.org/W1615046544","https://openalex.org/W1677480546","https://openalex.org/W1986916307","https://openalex.org/W1988652875","https://openalex.org/W1999681430","https://openalex.org/W2013522700","https://openalex.org/W2020112047","https://openalex.org/W2034377062","https://openalex.org/W2047916710","https://openalex.org/W2059273723","https://openalex.org/W2067078311","https://openalex.org/W2084150181","https://openalex.org/W2093762675","https://openalex.org/W2114769758","https://openalex.org/W2155539817","https://openalex.org/W2158584754","https://openalex.org/W2180988813","https://openalex.org/W2295651994","https://openalex.org/W2531503199","https://openalex.org/W4241892047","https://openalex.org/W4253175698","https://openalex.org/W6831647120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W303980170","https://openalex.org/W2351491280","https://openalex.org/W2386767533","https://openalex.org/W2371447506","https://openalex.org/W2333698505","https://openalex.org/W2248623276","https://openalex.org/W2071580409","https://openalex.org/W2119130263","https://openalex.org/W192297843","https://openalex.org/W1979324515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,83],"the":[1,56],"k-Leaf":[2,89],"Out-Branching":[3,6,90,109],"and":[4,20,63,65],"k-Internal":[5,108],"problems":[7,51],"we":[8,86],"are":[9,78],"given":[10],"a":[11,16,21,92,111],"directed":[12],"graph":[13,118],"D":[14],"with":[15,73,94,113],"designated":[17],"root":[18],"r":[19,35],"nonnegative":[22],"integer":[23],"k.":[24],"The":[25],"question":[26],"is":[27],"whether":[28],"there":[29],"exists":[30],"an":[31],"outbranching":[32],"rooted":[33],"at":[34,38,43],"that":[36,88],"has":[37],"least":[39,44],"k":[40,45],"leaves,":[41],"or":[42],"internal":[46],"vertices,":[47],"respectively.":[48],"Both":[49],"these":[50],"have":[52],"been":[53],"studied":[54],"from":[55],"points":[57],"of":[58,60,70,104,120],"view":[59],"parameterized":[61],"complexity":[62],"kernelization,":[64],"in":[66],"particular":[67],"for":[68,100],"both":[69],"them":[71],"kernels":[72],"O(k":[74],"2":[75],")":[76],"vertices":[77,96,115],"known":[79],"on":[80,97,116],"general":[81],"graphs.":[82],"this":[84],"work":[85],"show":[87],"admits":[91,110],"kernel":[93,112],"O(k)":[95,114],"H-minor-free":[98],"graphs,":[99],"any":[101,117],"fixed":[102],"family":[103],"graphs":[105],"H,":[106],"whereas":[107],"class":[119],"bounded":[121],"expansion.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
