{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109833455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","title":"Quantum Information and the PCP Theorem","display_name":"Quantum Information and the PCP Theorem","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109833455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","mag":"2109833455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041545934","display_name":"Ran Raz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1656-2258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53964585","display_name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0316ej306","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ran Raz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel","Weizmann Inst., Rehovot (Israel)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weizmann Inst., Rehovot (Israel)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041545934"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15041376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"3","first_page":"462","last_page":"489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5829191207885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-meter-prover","display_name":"Gas meter prover","score":0.5390962362289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pspace","display_name":"PSPACE","score":0.5157618522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.4985067844390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.4957519471645355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4771791696548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.45923125743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-state","display_name":"Quantum state","score":0.4554949700832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.45003411173820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.4457743167877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4381963014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.4289613962173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.42460396885871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.4213157892227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.32043635845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.307230144739151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1683313548564911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15479975938796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.1494722068309784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.13208329677581787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5829191207885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159718280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526353","display_name":"Gas meter prover","level":3,"score":0.5390962362289429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197685441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500716","display_name":"PSPACE","level":3,"score":0.5157618522644043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.4985067844390869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.4957519471645355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4771791696548462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45923125743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.4554949700832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.45003411173820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.4457743167877197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4381963014602661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.4289613962173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42460396885871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.4213157892227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.32043635845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.307230144739151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1683313548564911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15479975938796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.1494722068309784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.13208329677581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-007-9033-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S89324355","display_name":"Algorithmica","issn_l":"0178-4617","issn":["0178-4617","1432-0541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithmica","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1839137787","https://openalex.org/W1910560010","https://openalex.org/W1970259241","https://openalex.org/W1970606468","https://openalex.org/W1989051052","https://openalex.org/W2003159902","https://openalex.org/W2018925011","https://openalex.org/W2019578639","https://openalex.org/W2049697554","https://openalex.org/W2070767505","https://openalex.org/W2078090052","https://openalex.org/W2082647621","https://openalex.org/W2086653003","https://openalex.org/W2096390054","https://openalex.org/W2097206148","https://openalex.org/W2116397277","https://openalex.org/W2116921087","https://openalex.org/W2148352980","https://openalex.org/W2148957455","https://openalex.org/W2293988196","https://openalex.org/W2610313478","https://openalex.org/W2611161794","https://openalex.org/W2764347725","https://openalex.org/W3103450999","https://openalex.org/W4256317935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2982087871","https://openalex.org/W2998650364","https://openalex.org/W2416431186","https://openalex.org/W2032606560","https://openalex.org/W2158170224","https://openalex.org/W2195657359","https://openalex.org/W2949387839","https://openalex.org/W1602180687","https://openalex.org/W2962957862","https://openalex.org/W2953243176"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}