{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953908493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","title":"Information processing in the LGN: a comparison of neural codes and cell types","display_name":"Information processing in the LGN: a comparison of neural codes and cell types","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953908493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","mag":"2953908493","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31243531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047924718","display_name":"Agnieszka Pr\u0119gowska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-9931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119410","display_name":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03fs4aq04","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnieszka Pregowska","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland","Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060917054","display_name":"Alex Casti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32907511","display_name":"Fairleigh Dickinson University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wkzvc75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32907511"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Casti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Gildart-Haase School of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NY, 07666, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Gildart-Haase School of Computer Sciences and Engineering, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NY, 07666, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32907511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108447142","display_name":"Ehud Kaplan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21250087","display_name":"Charles University","ror":"https://ror.org/024d6js02","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160792","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04t0s7x83","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103779","https://openalex.org/I4210160792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167247","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05xj56w78","country_code":"CZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167247"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["CZ","JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehud Kaplan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic","Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA","National Institute of Mental Health (NUDZ), Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21250087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Mental Health (NUDZ), Topolova 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160792","https://openalex.org/I4210167247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063733434","display_name":"Eligiusz Wajnryb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2787-1116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119410","display_name":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03fs4aq04","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eligiusz Wajnryb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland","Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031197984","display_name":"Janusz Szczepa\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-8346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119410","display_name":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03fs4aq04","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Janusz Szczepanski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland. jszczepa@ippt.pan.pl","Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-8346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland. jszczepa@ippt.pan.pl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02\u2013106, Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031197984"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119410","https://openalex.org/I99542240"],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"fwci":0.7186,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68720034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"113","issue":"4","first_page":"453","last_page":"464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-processing","display_name":"Information processing","score":0.5816786289215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.5813850164413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-system","display_name":"Neural system","score":0.5689124464988708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.526109516620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5209044814109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48578929901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4775294065475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-cell","display_name":"Neural cell","score":0.4436856508255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3207201361656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3185845613479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.0826672613620758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell","display_name":"Cell","score":0.08021634817123413}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.5816786289215088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.5813850164413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986949344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9404","display_name":"Neural system","level":2,"score":0.5689124464988708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.526109516620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5209044814109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48578929901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4775294065475464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992459734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43054","display_name":"Neural cell","level":3,"score":0.4436856508255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3207201361656189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3185845613479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0826672613620758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.08021634817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002415","descriptor_name":"Cats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005829","descriptor_name":"Geniculate Bodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008606","descriptor_name":"Mental Processes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010775","descriptor_name":"Photic Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014795","descriptor_name":"Visual Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31243531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31243531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5630862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6658673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00422-019-00801-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G118726971","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P50 GM071558","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1422551390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIMH-R21MH093868","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1978685369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EY-16224","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G24986721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 MH093868","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3073293332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012/05/B/ST8/03010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3822191283","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K25 MH067225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6181219829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EY016224","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7272540217","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH67225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7585652538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIGMS-1P50GM071558","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322650","display_name":"Narodowym Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953908493.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953908493.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81409850","https://openalex.org/W1484977481","https://openalex.org/W1501028655","https://openalex.org/W1512980052","https://openalex.org/W1593079125","https://openalex.org/W1594210692","https://openalex.org/W1594900799","https://openalex.org/W1598740767","https://openalex.org/W1604430684","https://openalex.org/W1678355425","https://openalex.org/W1829998668","https://openalex.org/W1967179842","https://openalex.org/W1975003449","https://openalex.org/W1984931175","https://openalex.org/W1986059936","https://openalex.org/W1988711535","https://openalex.org/W1989443761","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1996584559","https://openalex.org/W1997049471","https://openalex.org/W1997646126","https://openalex.org/W1999106495","https://openalex.org/W2019723923","https://openalex.org/W2027321393","https://openalex.org/W2027436871","https://openalex.org/W2033387570","https://openalex.org/W2035356806","https://openalex.org/W2037030438","https://openalex.org/W2039945959","https://openalex.org/W2042422091","https://openalex.org/W2047141148","https://openalex.org/W2049539317","https://openalex.org/W2051206390","https://openalex.org/W2053011627","https://openalex.org/W2059376746","https://openalex.org/W2060990166","https://openalex.org/W2061914201","https://openalex.org/W2062899906","https://openalex.org/W2066905947","https://openalex.org/W2077770566","https://openalex.org/W2088088227","https://openalex.org/W2091496561","https://openalex.org/W2095087224","https://openalex.org/W2097560155","https://openalex.org/W2097636360","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2102985846","https://openalex.org/W2103043773","https://openalex.org/W2105107100","https://openalex.org/W2105380935","https://openalex.org/W2106150870","https://openalex.org/W2106474466","https://openalex.org/W2109466738","https://openalex.org/W2109584604","https://openalex.org/W2110242299","https://openalex.org/W2111097630","https://openalex.org/W2111460068","https://openalex.org/W2114771311","https://openalex.org/W2114859634","https://openalex.org/W2115135943","https://openalex.org/W2116393125","https://openalex.org/W2122334012","https://openalex.org/W2122903650","https://openalex.org/W2125277430","https://openalex.org/W2127388521","https://openalex.org/W2129046573","https://openalex.org/W2134211228","https://openalex.org/W2138704896","https://openalex.org/W2142753568","https://openalex.org/W2145918786","https://openalex.org/W2152435897","https://openalex.org/W2152637387","https://openalex.org/W2163886718","https://openalex.org/W2180353626","https://openalex.org/W2192126750","https://openalex.org/W2212384750","https://openalex.org/W2222445509","https://openalex.org/W2315068495","https://openalex.org/W2331450702","https://openalex.org/W2332808205","https://openalex.org/W2345801784","https://openalex.org/W2411611838","https://openalex.org/W2571918371","https://openalex.org/W2586262377","https://openalex.org/W2607263137","https://openalex.org/W2883283267","https://openalex.org/W2889026788","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3102114848","https://openalex.org/W4231081240","https://openalex.org/W4238434146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2737685141","https://openalex.org/W2280156463","https://openalex.org/W2086567071","https://openalex.org/W3142695459","https://openalex.org/W2297545632","https://openalex.org/W2997473042","https://openalex.org/W4288075567","https://openalex.org/W1249501516","https://openalex.org/W2297173007","https://openalex.org/W3082834809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"understand":[1],"how":[2,18],"anatomy":[3],"and":[4,30,180,192,241],"physiology":[5],"allow":[6],"an":[7],"organism":[8],"to":[9,16,94,105,167],"perform":[10],"its":[11],"function,":[12],"it":[13],"is":[14,21,28,35,52,78,92,225,235,238,242],"important":[15],"know":[17],"information":[19,43,51,88,132,166],"that":[20,142,154,216],"transmitted":[22],"by":[23],"spikes":[24,60],"in":[25,54,134,197],"the":[26,37,42,55,59,71,79,83,90,95,100,119,123,131,135,143,155,165,189],"brain":[27],"received":[29],"encoded.":[31],"A":[32],"natural":[33],"question":[34,67],"whether":[36],"spike":[38],"rate":[39],"alone":[40],"encodes":[41],"about":[44],"a":[45,198,220,231],"stimulus":[46],"(rate":[47],"code),":[48],"or":[49],"additional":[50],"contained":[53,133],"temporal":[56,136],"pattern":[57],"of":[58,82,102,109,145],"(temporal":[61],"code).":[62],"Here":[63],"we":[64],"address":[65],"this":[66],"using":[68],"data":[69],"from":[70,89],"cat":[72],"Lateral":[73],"Geniculate":[74],"Nucleus":[75],"(LGN),":[76],"which":[77,86,129,237],"visual":[80,87,96],"portion":[81],"thalamus,":[84],"through":[85],"retina":[91],"communicated":[93],"cortex.":[97],"We":[98,117,140,170,183],"analyzed":[99],"responses":[101],"LGN":[103],"neurons":[104],"spatially":[106],"homogeneous":[107],"spots":[108],"various":[110],"sizes":[111],"with":[112,122,175,244],"temporally":[113],"random":[114],"luminance":[115],"modulation.":[116],"compared":[118,172],"Firing":[120,173,190],"Rate":[121,127,191,194],"Shannon":[124],"Information":[125,176,193],"Transmission":[126],",":[128],"quantifies":[130],"relationships":[137],"between":[138],"spikes.":[139],"found":[141,184],"behavior":[144],"these":[146,206],"two":[147],"rates":[148,207],"can":[149],"differ":[150],"quantitatively.":[151],"This":[152],"suggests":[153],"energy":[156,245],"used":[157],"for":[158,178,186,203,217,228],"spiking":[159],"does":[160],"not":[161],"translate":[162],"directly":[163],"into":[164],"be":[168],"transmitted.":[169],"also":[171],"Rates":[174,177],"X-ON":[179,187,218],"X-OFF":[181,204,229],"cells.":[182],"that,":[185],"cells":[188,205,219,230],"often":[195],"behave":[196],"completely":[199],"different":[200],"way,":[201],"while":[202,227],"are":[208],"much":[209],"more":[210,221,239],"highly":[211],"correlated.":[212],"Our":[213],"results":[214],"suggest":[215],"efficient":[222],"\"temporal":[223],"code\"":[224,234],"employed,":[226],"straightforward":[232],"\"rate":[233],"used,":[236],"reliable":[240],"correlated":[243],"consumption.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
