{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130450233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","title":"Sequence, time, or state representation: how does the motor control system adapt to variable environments?","display_name":"Sequence, time, or state representation: how does the motor control system adapt to variable environments?","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130450233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","mag":"2130450233","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12836029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072662777","display_name":"Amir Karniel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amir Karniel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. karniel@ee.technion.ac.il","Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel, , IL"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. karniel@ee.technion.ac.il","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel, , IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051945399","display_name":"Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, , , , , , US","Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, , US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, , , , , , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA, , US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072662777"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":{"value":2790,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3888,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":80,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87830039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"89","issue":"1","first_page":"10","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11431","display_name":"Action Observation and Synchronization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.7401276230812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.6271581053733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5593149662017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/force-field","display_name":"Force field (fiction)","score":0.5406244993209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.49700024724006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4776100814342499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement","display_name":"Movement (music)","score":0.45334717631340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.441441148519516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4393174350261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workspace","display_name":"Workspace","score":0.4294368624687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37438273429870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.29744386672973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24452170729637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19482815265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.18373632431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.094228595495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.08300888538360596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.7401276230812073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6271581053733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5593149662017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10803110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341441","display_name":"Force field (fiction)","level":2,"score":0.5406244993209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.49700024724006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4776100814342499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848","display_name":"Movement (music)","level":2,"score":0.45334717631340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.441441148519516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4393174350261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58581272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163","display_name":"Workspace","level":3,"score":0.4294368624687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37438273429870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29744386672973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24452170729637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19482815265655518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.18373632431030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.094228595495224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.08300888538360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004777","descriptor_name":"Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004777","descriptor_name":"Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004777","descriptor_name":"Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011597","descriptor_name":"Psychomotor Performance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00422-003-0397-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S87357125","display_name":"Biological Cybernetics","issn_l":"0340-1200","issn":["0340-1200","1432-0770"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12836029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12836029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological cybernetics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510394246","https://openalex.org/W1527326948","https://openalex.org/W1654752245","https://openalex.org/W1779974355","https://openalex.org/W1804997726","https://openalex.org/W1818678634","https://openalex.org/W1852823224","https://openalex.org/W1885639605","https://openalex.org/W1922715780","https://openalex.org/W1943433854","https://openalex.org/W1961535409","https://openalex.org/W1967658564","https://openalex.org/W1971354911","https://openalex.org/W1987667025","https://openalex.org/W1989226479","https://openalex.org/W1996990492","https://openalex.org/W2012872233","https://openalex.org/W2018940910","https://openalex.org/W2021882537","https://openalex.org/W2024529445","https://openalex.org/W2049182552","https://openalex.org/W2049895164","https://openalex.org/W2058406815","https://openalex.org/W2059909808","https://openalex.org/W2067440245","https://openalex.org/W2075924004","https://openalex.org/W2076897193","https://openalex.org/W2078383795","https://openalex.org/W2082108224","https://openalex.org/W2084402145","https://openalex.org/W2085362422","https://openalex.org/W2088678566","https://openalex.org/W2089745666","https://openalex.org/W2092430865","https://openalex.org/W2104601915","https://openalex.org/W2106936397","https://openalex.org/W2114414717","https://openalex.org/W2115303183","https://openalex.org/W2120261865","https://openalex.org/W2136759931","https://openalex.org/W2137334393","https://openalex.org/W2139626338","https://openalex.org/W2152840390","https://openalex.org/W2163897432","https://openalex.org/W2164828326","https://openalex.org/W2165928993","https://openalex.org/W2204293361","https://openalex.org/W2238023652","https://openalex.org/W2254426180","https://openalex.org/W2280308625"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992503747","https://openalex.org/W2371519816","https://openalex.org/W2043154226","https://openalex.org/W2369529107","https://openalex.org/W38056103","https://openalex.org/W2109948066","https://openalex.org/W2329043542","https://openalex.org/W1678858522","https://openalex.org/W3195090107","https://openalex.org/W1999333556"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}