{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399465217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5","title":"HRDC challenge: a public benchmark for hypertension and hypertensive retinopathy classification from fundus images","display_name":"HRDC challenge: a public benchmark for hypertension and hypertensive retinopathy classification from fundus images","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399465217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73060445","display_name":"The Visual Computer","issn_l":"0178-2789","issn":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Visual Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071419774","display_name":"Bo Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-220X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067414540","display_name":"Xiangning Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2608-9026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144482","display_name":"Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/049zrh188","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangning Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003418365","display_name":"Zhouyu Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5102-0067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144482","display_name":"Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/049zrh188","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhouyu Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069972669","display_name":"Dawei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-9060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017279723","display_name":"An Ran Ran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-4867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anran Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068930470","display_name":"Tingyao Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingyao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101443116","display_name":"Zheyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-8573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006980036","display_name":"Yang Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6303-8178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100576107","display_name":"Xinming Shu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinming Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075237100","display_name":"Jinyang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0803-6548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101474791","display_name":"Shichang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-5898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shichang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064121031","display_name":"Guanyu Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7177-0975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanyu Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024176997","display_name":"Julio Silva-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-9393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julio Silva-Rodr\u00edguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETS Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETS Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031419172","display_name":"Riadh Kobbi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155571","display_name":"DiagnoCure (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkjm312","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155571"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riadh Kobbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIAGNOS Inc., Quebec, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIAGNOS Inc., Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435494","display_name":"Ping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-0240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048996304","display_name":"Ting\u2010Li Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-0164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152171","display_name":"Huadong Sanatorium","ror":"https://ror.org/04yj19q41","country_code":null,"type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152171"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099446","display_name":"Huadong Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/012wm7481","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099446"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tingli Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099446","https://openalex.org/I4387152171"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015039086","display_name":"Lei Bi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100614820","display_name":"Jinman Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5960-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinman Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007251193","display_name":"Weiping Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-2168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144482","display_name":"Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/049zrh188","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017862417","display_name":"Huating Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0526-5545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144482","display_name":"Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/049zrh188","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huating Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144482","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662807","display_name":"Jing Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7059-0929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Smart Health, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Smart Health, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405781","display_name":"Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9163-6191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032933669","display_name":"Ching\u2010Yu Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-885X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799299286","display_name":"Singapore National Eye Center","ror":"https://ror.org/029nvrb94","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799299286"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Yu Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799299286","https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032708386","display_name":"Pheng\u2010Ann Heng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055-5034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pheng-Ann Heng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Institute of Medical Intelligence and XR, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Institute of Medical Intelligence and XR, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072258594","display_name":"Tien Yin Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8448-1264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien Yin Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084913828","display_name":"Carol Y. Cheung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0869-859X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol Y. Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085096438","display_name":"Yih Chung Tham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-797X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116917","display_name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02crz6e12","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799299286","display_name":"Singapore National Eye Center","ror":"https://ror.org/029nvrb94","country_code":"SG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799299286"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yih-Chung Tham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799299286","https://openalex.org/I4210116917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015798012","display_name":"Nadia Magnenat\u2010Thalmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1459-5960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114457229","display_name":"University of Geneva","ror":"https://ror.org/01swzsf04","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadia Magnenat Thalmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIRALab, CUI,  University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIRALab, CUI,  University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114457229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009598072","display_name":"Bin Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-2784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":29,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048996304"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099446","https://openalex.org/I4387152171"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8423,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90592396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"2","first_page":"1061","last_page":"1077"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12599","display_name":"Retinal and Optic Conditions","score":0.9818000197410583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.7555526494979858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertensive-retinopathy","display_name":"Hypertensive retinopathy","score":0.7222638726234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5928615927696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.5785526037216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5628653168678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.43898576498031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43797656893730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4026937484741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.36300933361053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.12271127104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endocrinology","display_name":"Endocrinology","score":0.10197263956069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.08186972141265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07880264520645142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.7555526494979858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776004912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425811","display_name":"Hypertensive retinopathy","level":4,"score":0.7222638726234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5928615927696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.5785526037216187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5628653168678284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.43898576498031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43797656893730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4026937484741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.36300933361053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.12271127104759216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.10197263956069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.08186972141265869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07880264520645142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03384-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73060445","display_name":"The Visual Computer","issn_l":"0178-2789","issn":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Visual Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524970834","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2150769593","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2411244326","https://openalex.org/W2559090303","https://openalex.org/W2587235033","https://openalex.org/W2752747624","https://openalex.org/W2810305204","https://openalex.org/W2886399398","https://openalex.org/W2898149752","https://openalex.org/W2964043069","https://openalex.org/W2977650145","https://openalex.org/W2979448322","https://openalex.org/W3001083904","https://openalex.org/W3021424684","https://openalex.org/W3025156093","https://openalex.org/W3081463146","https://openalex.org/W3118577024","https://openalex.org/W3135036954","https://openalex.org/W3135367836","https://openalex.org/W3164440025","https://openalex.org/W3170429846","https://openalex.org/W3193823764","https://openalex.org/W3206819195","https://openalex.org/W4200438025","https://openalex.org/W4206838044","https://openalex.org/W4221095684","https://openalex.org/W4221138790","https://openalex.org/W4248116761","https://openalex.org/W4280488276","https://openalex.org/W4283737433","https://openalex.org/W4290746906","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4366090845","https://openalex.org/W4379115053","https://openalex.org/W4387266347","https://openalex.org/W4390577395","https://openalex.org/W4390588537","https://openalex.org/W4391643750","https://openalex.org/W6600728650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980571360","https://openalex.org/W186124986","https://openalex.org/W3176448898","https://openalex.org/W4379115808","https://openalex.org/W3207986206","https://openalex.org/W2429379476","https://openalex.org/W1979866946","https://openalex.org/W4226141369","https://openalex.org/W3081392993","https://openalex.org/W2413307231"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}