{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323832197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","title":"Embedded 3D reconstruction of dynamic objects in real time for maritime situational awareness pictures","display_name":"Embedded 3D reconstruction of dynamic objects in real time for maritime situational awareness pictures","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323832197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73060445","display_name":"The Visual Computer","issn_l":"0178-2789","issn":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Visual Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040125072","display_name":"Felix Sattler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-282X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Felix Sattler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8869-282X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040640403","display_name":"Borja Carrillo-Perez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Borja Carrillo-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046703584","display_name":"Sarah Barnes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Barnes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081837054","display_name":"Karsten Stebner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karsten Stebner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Security Research and Applications, Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489, Berlin, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Security Research and Applications, Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489, Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024645642","display_name":"Maurice Stephan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurice Stephan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Security Technologies, Institute for the Protection of Maritime Infrastructures, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Fischkai 1, 27572, Bremerhaven, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059859279","display_name":"Gregor Lux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5108-2521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122778","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences for Public Administration and Management","ror":"https://ror.org/02qbcmz19","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122778"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Lux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, Neidenburger Str. 43, 45897, Gelsenkirchen, NRW, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, Neidenburger Str. 43, 45897, Gelsenkirchen, NRW, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040125072"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"fwci":5.5003,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95462366,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"571","last_page":"584"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7558516263961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.6107060313224792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.5676602125167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereoscopy","display_name":"Stereoscopy","score":0.5055415630340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.4842826724052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-enforcement","display_name":"Law enforcement","score":0.4813604950904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.46618813276290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.45795097947120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.43074285984039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4159530997276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34588682651519775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3080993592739105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2528122067451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14029207825660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.11819204688072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09306779503822327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7558516263961792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.6107060313224792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.5676602125167847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126057942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35158","display_name":"Stereoscopy","level":2,"score":0.5055415630340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.4842826724052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44554","display_name":"Law enforcement","level":2,"score":0.4813604950904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.46618813276290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.45795097947120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.43074285984039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4159530997276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34588682651519775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3080993592739105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2528122067451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14029207825660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11819204688072205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09306779503822327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73060445","display_name":"The Visual Computer","issn_l":"0178-2789","issn":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Visual Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:202699","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4>.","pdf_url":"https://elib.dlr.de/202699/1/s00371-023-02802-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00371-023-02802-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73060445","display_name":"The Visual Computer","issn_l":"0178-2789","issn":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Visual Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321602","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323832197.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1883517952","https://openalex.org/W1987648924","https://openalex.org/W2009422376","https://openalex.org/W2071906076","https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2117248802","https://openalex.org/W2119851068","https://openalex.org/W2143769815","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2613115234","https://openalex.org/W2890090517","https://openalex.org/W2913130920","https://openalex.org/W2941292358","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963756608","https://openalex.org/W2963826402","https://openalex.org/W2989838178","https://openalex.org/W2995774381","https://openalex.org/W3106025793","https://openalex.org/W3175630421","https://openalex.org/W3180134609","https://openalex.org/W3206772186","https://openalex.org/W3211110449","https://openalex.org/W3214350001","https://openalex.org/W4200041552","https://openalex.org/W4223429272","https://openalex.org/W4281551425","https://openalex.org/W4307272729","https://openalex.org/W4313269737","https://openalex.org/W6931202655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3062287","https://openalex.org/W2380390332","https://openalex.org/W2742145873","https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W4245975140","https://openalex.org/W2062253548","https://openalex.org/W4225414539","https://openalex.org/W4289522463","https://openalex.org/W1977763331","https://openalex.org/W4318483369"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Assessing":[1],"the":[2,52],"security":[3],"status":[4],"of":[5,55,106,124,136],"maritime":[6,13,80,107],"infrastructures":[7,33],"is":[8],"a":[9,44,72,91,99,110,125,137,152],"key":[10],"factor":[11],"for":[12,78,102,132],"safety":[14],"and":[15,21,32,46,64,97,113,130,180],"security.":[16],"Facilities":[17],"such":[18,57],"as":[19,58],"ports":[20],"harbors":[22],"are":[23],"highly":[24],"active":[25],"traffic":[26],"zones":[27],"with":[28,157],"many":[29],"different":[30],"agents":[31],"present,":[34],"like":[35],"containers,":[36],"trucks":[37],"or":[38],"vessels.":[39],"Conveying":[40],"security-related":[41],"information":[42],"in":[43],"concise":[45],"easily":[47],"understandable":[48],"format":[49],"can":[50],"support":[51],"decision-making":[53],"process":[54],"stakeholders,":[56],"port":[59],"authorities,":[60],"law":[61],"enforcement":[62],"agencies":[63],"emergency":[65],"services.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68],"work,":[69],"we":[70],"propose":[71],"novel":[73],"real-time":[74,133],"3D":[75,104],"reconstruction":[76,105],"framework":[77],"enhancing":[79],"situational":[81],"awareness":[82],"pictures":[83],"by":[84],"joining":[85],"temporal":[86],"2D":[87],"video":[88],"data":[89],"into":[90],"single":[92],"consistent":[93],"display.":[94],"We":[95],"introduce":[96],"verify":[98],"pipeline":[100,148],"prototype":[101],"dynamic":[103],"objects":[108],"using":[109],"static":[111],"observer":[112],"stereoscopic":[114],"cameras":[115],"on":[116,151],"an":[117,181],"GPU-accelerated":[118],"embedded":[119,155],"device.":[120],"A":[121,166],"simulated":[122,138],"dataset":[123],"harbor":[126],"basin":[127],"was":[128,172],"created":[129],"used":[131],"processing.":[134],"Usage":[135],"setup":[139],"allowed":[140],"verification":[141],"against":[142],"synthetic":[143],"ground-truth":[144],"data.":[145],"The":[146],"presented":[147],"runs":[149],"entirely":[150],"remote,":[153],"low-power":[154],"system":[156],"$$\\sim":[158],"$$":[159],"<mml:math":[160],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[161],"<mml:mo>\u223c</mml:mo>":[162],"</mml:math>":[163],"6":[164],"Hz.":[165],"Nvidia":[167],"Jetson":[168],"Xavier":[169],"AGX":[170],"module":[171],"used,":[173],"featuring":[174],"512":[175],"CUDA-cores,":[176],"16":[177],"GB":[178],"memory":[179],"ARMv8":[182],"64-bit":[183],"octa-core":[184],"CPU.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
