{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3122480738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00355-018-1165-x","title":"Upward and downward bias when measuring inequality of opportunity","display_name":"Upward and downward bias when measuring inequality of opportunity","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3122480738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00355-018-1165-x","mag":"3122480738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1284103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1284103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041910814","display_name":"Paolo Brunori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1624-905X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brunori P.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa, University of Florence, Via delle Pandette, 32, 50127, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa, University of Florence, Via delle Pandette, 32, 50127, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017801856","display_name":"Vito Peragine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3957-3386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peragine V.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bari, Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006690764","display_name":"Laura Serlenga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-4880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serlenga L.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bari and IZA, Bari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari and IZA, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041910814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.7795,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98460033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.9537000060081482,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.9376000165939331,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"Inequality","score":0.7571220993995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.7037777304649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5866405367851257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-bias","display_name":"Selection bias","score":0.5588668584823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.5497763156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5182685256004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.5034789443016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4917033314704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4778865575790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/survey-data-collection","display_name":"Survey data collection","score":0.4187670350074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4141528904438019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2977444529533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22591504454612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.12428593635559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.7571220993995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.7037777304649353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5866405367851257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.5588668584823608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5497763156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5182685256004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.5034789443016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4917033314704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4778865575790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.4187670350074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4141528904438019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2977444529533386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22591504454612732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12428593635559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1284103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1284103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55848811","https://openalex.org/W125098227","https://openalex.org/W611028113","https://openalex.org/W1492815834","https://openalex.org/W1509302551","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1603306646","https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1819822784","https://openalex.org/W1829659941","https://openalex.org/W1924324549","https://openalex.org/W1965620617","https://openalex.org/W1977811574","https://openalex.org/W1979839499","https://openalex.org/W2039769186","https://openalex.org/W2042983220","https://openalex.org/W2050222564","https://openalex.org/W2057967577","https://openalex.org/W2080293167","https://openalex.org/W2100000728","https://openalex.org/W2105797217","https://openalex.org/W2106622438","https://openalex.org/W2123998733","https://openalex.org/W2155419203","https://openalex.org/W2158143121","https://openalex.org/W2172168186","https://openalex.org/W2259576498","https://openalex.org/W2262998885","https://openalex.org/W2288804158","https://openalex.org/W2505038780","https://openalex.org/W2610886376","https://openalex.org/W2730040278","https://openalex.org/W2770958024","https://openalex.org/W2787027758","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2903045570","https://openalex.org/W3104887532","https://openalex.org/W3122494596","https://openalex.org/W3122809229","https://openalex.org/W3125146345","https://openalex.org/W3125618765","https://openalex.org/W3125977056","https://openalex.org/W3161978556","https://openalex.org/W3175439833","https://openalex.org/W4248434746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046459260","https://openalex.org/W2967463586","https://openalex.org/W2765830098","https://openalex.org/W1971989957","https://openalex.org/W2517338020","https://openalex.org/W3157641275","https://openalex.org/W4312300846","https://openalex.org/W2615757685","https://openalex.org/W2098782634","https://openalex.org/W3000546688"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}