{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2786125214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","title":"A hybrid algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with backhauls, time windows and three-dimensional loading constraints","display_name":"A hybrid algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with backhauls, time windows and three-dimensional loading constraints","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2786125214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","mag":"2786125214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502551423","display_name":"OR Spectrum","issn_l":"0171-6468","issn":["0171-6468","1436-6304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039820596","display_name":"Henriette Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-1456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henriette Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-1456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029850392","display_name":"Andreas Bortfeldt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Bortfeldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082836127","display_name":"Gerhard W\u00e4scher","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95793202","display_name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00ggpsq73","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]}],"countries":["CN","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerhard W\u00e4scher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany","School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039820596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95793202"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2875,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94726293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"4","first_page":"1029","last_page":"1075"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.8759994506835938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pickup","display_name":"Pickup","score":0.7812293767929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6730475425720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.6716405153274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/packing-problems","display_name":"Packing problems","score":0.4960578382015228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4872704744338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.45376506447792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3811134099960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2310563027858734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.07990369200706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07185542583465576}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.8759994506835938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776221269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572648","display_name":"Pickup","level":3,"score":0.7812293767929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6730475425720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.6716405153274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130253271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3851477","display_name":"Packing problems","level":2,"score":0.4960578382015228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4872704744338989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.45376506447792053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3811134099960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2310563027858734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.07990369200706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07185542583465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502551423","display_name":"OR Spectrum","issn_l":"0171-6468","issn":["0171-6468","1436-6304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:orspec:v:40:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s00291-018-0506-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00291-018-0506-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66986378","https://openalex.org/W80900748","https://openalex.org/W160204346","https://openalex.org/W187303438","https://openalex.org/W1525106674","https://openalex.org/W1548434108","https://openalex.org/W1549203705","https://openalex.org/W1554727768","https://openalex.org/W1610440888","https://openalex.org/W1902927221","https://openalex.org/W1920942232","https://openalex.org/W1965032790","https://openalex.org/W1965618732","https://openalex.org/W1973565128","https://openalex.org/W1978282323","https://openalex.org/W1978338991","https://openalex.org/W1980953437","https://openalex.org/W1982966841","https://openalex.org/W1988939893","https://openalex.org/W1989604479","https://openalex.org/W1990902176","https://openalex.org/W1993167103","https://openalex.org/W1993710600","https://openalex.org/W1996693860","https://openalex.org/W1999161039","https://openalex.org/W2000275005","https://openalex.org/W2002053519","https://openalex.org/W2015717108","https://openalex.org/W2019318803","https://openalex.org/W2020830947","https://openalex.org/W2021621713","https://openalex.org/W2022945668","https://openalex.org/W2032157581","https://openalex.org/W2036685962","https://openalex.org/W2043735779","https://openalex.org/W2043800474","https://openalex.org/W2045658258","https://openalex.org/W2049035893","https://openalex.org/W2049791651","https://openalex.org/W2050841472","https://openalex.org/W2051743385","https://openalex.org/W2053482949","https://openalex.org/W2059816321","https://openalex.org/W2064578828","https://openalex.org/W2067444966","https://openalex.org/W2067546516","https://openalex.org/W2073798563","https://openalex.org/W2074769064","https://openalex.org/W2080943144","https://openalex.org/W2086453346","https://openalex.org/W2088314713","https://openalex.org/W2090366431","https://openalex.org/W2095301036","https://openalex.org/W2096171214","https://openalex.org/W2096305430","https://openalex.org/W2103419797","https://openalex.org/W2105002757","https://openalex.org/W2111002630","https://openalex.org/W2111581650","https://openalex.org/W2111658959","https://openalex.org/W2111916491","https://openalex.org/W2116693203","https://openalex.org/W2119310377","https://openalex.org/W2126475333","https://openalex.org/W2135680984","https://openalex.org/W2136521496","https://openalex.org/W2140344494","https://openalex.org/W2153263175","https://openalex.org/W2159226528","https://openalex.org/W2166484956","https://openalex.org/W2167890839","https://openalex.org/W2171979979","https://openalex.org/W2172601601","https://openalex.org/W2183486228","https://openalex.org/W2284822720","https://openalex.org/W2293629177","https://openalex.org/W2322213175","https://openalex.org/W2336722912","https://openalex.org/W2622576046","https://openalex.org/W2739408905","https://openalex.org/W2787913625","https://openalex.org/W3123485663","https://openalex.org/W3127850350","https://openalex.org/W4242130062","https://openalex.org/W4243030119"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3119129187","https://openalex.org/W2470251263","https://openalex.org/W2741596907","https://openalex.org/W4248894450","https://openalex.org/W2193306078","https://openalex.org/W4293253022","https://openalex.org/W2183192769","https://openalex.org/W2048314949","https://openalex.org/W3204694157","https://openalex.org/W2781817667"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
