{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002053519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","title":"Vehicle routing problems with loading constraints: state-of-the-art and future directions","display_name":"Vehicle routing problems with loading constraints: state-of-the-art and future directions","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002053519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","mag":"2002053519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502551423","display_name":"OR Spectrum","issn_l":"0171-6468","issn":["0171-6468","1436-6304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/174155","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005166476","display_name":"Hanne Pollaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-4057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanne Pollaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030975593","display_name":"Kris Braekers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6052-6846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802067006","display_name":"Research Foundation - Flanders","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kris Braekers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium","Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590 and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium 1000#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590 and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium 1000#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006","https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077149095","display_name":"An Caris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-8776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802067006","display_name":"Research Foundation - Flanders","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"An Caris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium","Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590 and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium 1000#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590 and Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium 1000#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802067006","https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049663418","display_name":"Gerrit K. Janssens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9857-5130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerrit K. Janssens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Agoralaan - Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium 3590#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035409894","display_name":"Sabine Limbourg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0340-9955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Limbourg","raw_affiliation_strings":["HEC Management School, University of Liege (ULg), QuantOM, Rue Louvrex 14 (N1), 4000, Liege, Belgium","HEC Management School, University of Liege (ULg), Liege, Belgium 4000#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HEC Management School, University of Liege (ULg), QuantOM, Rue Louvrex 14 (N1), 4000, Liege, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HEC Management School, University of Liege (ULg), Liege, Belgium 4000#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005166476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"],"apc_list":{"value":2390,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2990},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.1915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":159,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99185095,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"297","last_page":"330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.7794355154037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.7550463676452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6243525743484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.608336865901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axle","display_name":"Axle","score":0.5638154149055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5412542223930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.5234836339950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5137299299240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4610987901687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.44767698645591736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3769131302833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16520750522613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.16397422552108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10818111896514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10190394520759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.08715376257896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.08210337162017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.07365995645523071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.7794355154037476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.7550463676452637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6243525743484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.608336865901947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129727815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188209","display_name":"Axle","level":2,"score":0.5638154149055481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5412542223930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.5234836339950562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5137299299240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4610987901687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44767698645591736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3769131302833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16520750522613525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.16397422552108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10818111896514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10190394520759583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.08715376257896423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.08210337162017822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.07365995645523071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-014-0386-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2502551423","display_name":"OR Spectrum","issn_l":"0171-6468","issn":["0171-6468","1436-6304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:documentserver.uhasselt.be:1942/18396","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1942/18396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401926","display_name":"Document Server@UHasselt (UHasselt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","host_organization_name":"Hasselt University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/174155","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/174155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400651","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Li\u00e8ge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","host_organization_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum, 37 (Issue 2), 297-330 (2015)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/174155","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/174155","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400651","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Li\u00e8ge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","host_organization_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"OR Spectrum, 37 (Issue 2), 297-330 (2015)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41322358","https://openalex.org/W80900748","https://openalex.org/W107062344","https://openalex.org/W1208385249","https://openalex.org/W1481088856","https://openalex.org/W1506789314","https://openalex.org/W1513354512","https://openalex.org/W1601649239","https://openalex.org/W1964847870","https://openalex.org/W1965723631","https://openalex.org/W1966419424","https://openalex.org/W1967395904","https://openalex.org/W1969633638","https://openalex.org/W1972755385","https://openalex.org/W1978338991","https://openalex.org/W1985009750","https://openalex.org/W1987206162","https://openalex.org/W1990902176","https://openalex.org/W1993167103","https://openalex.org/W1993924585","https://openalex.org/W1994236851","https://openalex.org/W1995133416","https://openalex.org/W1996966568","https://openalex.org/W1997916674","https://openalex.org/W2000388551","https://openalex.org/W2002914572","https://openalex.org/W2006365317","https://openalex.org/W2007498220","https://openalex.org/W2008616734","https://openalex.org/W2008642135","https://openalex.org/W2010102206","https://openalex.org/W2019318803","https://openalex.org/W2020737022","https://openalex.org/W2022320546","https://openalex.org/W2023956708","https://openalex.org/W2024008967","https://openalex.org/W2029722264","https://openalex.org/W2032157581","https://openalex.org/W2033271291","https://openalex.org/W2038321768","https://openalex.org/W2041643366","https://openalex.org/W2041693766","https://openalex.org/W2042674002","https://openalex.org/W2043735779","https://openalex.org/W2048325170","https://openalex.org/W2048458515","https://openalex.org/W2048467306","https://openalex.org/W2049791651","https://openalex.org/W2050841472","https://openalex.org/W2051818998","https://openalex.org/W2051960386","https://openalex.org/W2053482949","https://openalex.org/W2067233138","https://openalex.org/W2068330535","https://openalex.org/W2070836409","https://openalex.org/W2073472559","https://openalex.org/W2074821977","https://openalex.org/W2075340704","https://openalex.org/W2076154472","https://openalex.org/W2078219425","https://openalex.org/W2078687951","https://openalex.org/W2080178832","https://openalex.org/W2080943144","https://openalex.org/W2081338766","https://openalex.org/W2081380056","https://openalex.org/W2084151985","https://openalex.org/W2084221840","https://openalex.org/W2086399386","https://openalex.org/W2086482341","https://openalex.org/W2087465622","https://openalex.org/W2088314713","https://openalex.org/W2088568353","https://openalex.org/W2092003490","https://openalex.org/W2092451650","https://openalex.org/W2094513248","https://openalex.org/W2094766752","https://openalex.org/W2095271940","https://openalex.org/W2095535964","https://openalex.org/W2097378706","https://openalex.org/W2100711246","https://openalex.org/W2101057470","https://openalex.org/W2105036855","https://openalex.org/W2105175235","https://openalex.org/W2105554655","https://openalex.org/W2105691885","https://openalex.org/W2109718616","https://openalex.org/W2111581650","https://openalex.org/W2112147420","https://openalex.org/W2113873983","https://openalex.org/W2119673940","https://openalex.org/W2125126715","https://openalex.org/W2126475333","https://openalex.org/W2129642120","https://openalex.org/W2136521496","https://openalex.org/W2148767145","https://openalex.org/W2156398306","https://openalex.org/W2156785270","https://openalex.org/W2158519642","https://openalex.org/W2167786285","https://openalex.org/W2168210873","https://openalex.org/W2168881324","https://openalex.org/W2169921235","https://openalex.org/W2188856445","https://openalex.org/W2189125826","https://openalex.org/W2335471126","https://openalex.org/W2491671861","https://openalex.org/W2744022971","https://openalex.org/W2749062520","https://openalex.org/W2749155792","https://openalex.org/W2913118129","https://openalex.org/W4242072154","https://openalex.org/W4247344008"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036261569","https://openalex.org/W1968776045","https://openalex.org/W650759427","https://openalex.org/W2296713838","https://openalex.org/W767149399","https://openalex.org/W2889950528","https://openalex.org/W27335093","https://openalex.org/W2134091373","https://openalex.org/W626161498","https://openalex.org/W3009154171"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
