{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983313242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","title":"Electrical Grid and Supercomputing Centers: An Investigative Analysis of Emerging Opportunities and Challenges","display_name":"Electrical Grid and Supercomputing Centers: An Investigative Analysis of Emerging Opportunities and Challenges","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983313242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","mag":"1983313242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155002599","display_name":"Informatik-Spektrum","issn_l":"0170-6012","issn":["0170-6012","1432-122X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik-Spektrum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074317507","display_name":"Natalie Bates","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800842121","display_name":"Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/02xznz413","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Natalie Bates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Efficient HPC Working Group, Washington, USA","Energy Efficient HPC Working Group"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Efficient HPC Working Group, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Efficient HPC Working Group","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042412959","display_name":"Girish Ghatikar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Girish Ghatikar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California, USA","Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110702080","display_name":"Ghaleb Abdulla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghaleb Abdulla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA","Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108514692","display_name":"Gregory A. Koenig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory A. Koenig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA","Oak Ridge National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057716533","display_name":"Sridutt Bhalachandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-5683"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sridutt Bhalachandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina, North Carolina, USA","University of North Carolina"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103399264","display_name":"Mehdi Sheikhalishahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Sheikhalishahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Calabria, Calabria, Italy","University of Calabria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calabria, Calabria, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Calabria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082396646","display_name":"Tapasya Patki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-9688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tapasya Patki","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona, Arizona, USA","University of Arizona"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona, Arizona, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057567517","display_name":"Barry Rountree","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0087-4301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry Rountree","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA","Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043234330","display_name":"Stephen Poole","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4531-7453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Poole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA","Oak Ridge National Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074317507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800842121"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9142,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87162663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"2","first_page":"111","last_page":"127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.7302095890045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6494055986404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6419990062713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6017217636108398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.5873498916625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.46483445167541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.42660245299339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.3784638047218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3673527240753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33524608612060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3082394599914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.21576568484306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.17232614755630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1441074013710022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.7302095890045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6494055986404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6419990062713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6017217636108398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5873498916625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.46483445167541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.42660245299339294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3784638047218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3673527240753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33524608612060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3082394599914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.21576568484306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.17232614755630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1441074013710022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-014-0850-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155002599","display_name":"Informatik-Spektrum","issn_l":"0170-6012","issn":["0170-6012","1432-122X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatik-Spektrum","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155915402","https://openalex.org/W240410933","https://openalex.org/W277731746","https://openalex.org/W1493147916","https://openalex.org/W1497236034","https://openalex.org/W1917789337","https://openalex.org/W1971726541","https://openalex.org/W1973923004","https://openalex.org/W1977661221","https://openalex.org/W1990846311","https://openalex.org/W1998047408","https://openalex.org/W2007837336","https://openalex.org/W2009163448","https://openalex.org/W2014546690","https://openalex.org/W2026527452","https://openalex.org/W2032136713","https://openalex.org/W2040412318","https://openalex.org/W2044845028","https://openalex.org/W2049512904","https://openalex.org/W2054852146","https://openalex.org/W2067699632","https://openalex.org/W2078457421","https://openalex.org/W2086036443","https://openalex.org/W2100476737","https://openalex.org/W2101360724","https://openalex.org/W2107128713","https://openalex.org/W2112168774","https://openalex.org/W2118955868","https://openalex.org/W2124853018","https://openalex.org/W2130388542","https://openalex.org/W2131673530","https://openalex.org/W2132420603","https://openalex.org/W2133796267","https://openalex.org/W2134912239","https://openalex.org/W2143624342","https://openalex.org/W2150074609","https://openalex.org/W2150981219","https://openalex.org/W2153609988","https://openalex.org/W2154010459","https://openalex.org/W2155556726","https://openalex.org/W2160804075","https://openalex.org/W2166454355","https://openalex.org/W2171935755","https://openalex.org/W2949835970","https://openalex.org/W2997887534","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6606939192"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384867379","https://openalex.org/W2329539859","https://openalex.org/W2227905990","https://openalex.org/W4248214069","https://openalex.org/W3023302711","https://openalex.org/W2140196110","https://openalex.org/W1881881992","https://openalex.org/W4367839136","https://openalex.org/W2073519123","https://openalex.org/W621833480"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
