{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012903803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","title":"Rayleigh projection depth","display_name":"Rayleigh projection depth","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012903803","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","mag":"2012903803"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8500805","display_name":"Computational Statistics","issn_l":"0943-4062","issn":["0943-4062","1613-9658"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012959870","display_name":"Yonggang Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0414-8697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yonggang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101456471","display_name":"Li Qiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-8556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I49934816","display_name":"Hunan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04j3vr751","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49934816"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412008, People\u2019s Republic of China","Hunan University of Technology, School of Science, 412008, Zhuzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412008, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49934816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan University of Technology, School of Science, 412008, Zhuzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I49934816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100424453","display_name":"Yong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5391-5808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064406915","display_name":"Yi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-3533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Defense Technology, Department of Mathematics and Systems Science, 410073, Changsha, People\u2019s Republic of China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012959870"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10198871,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"523","last_page":"530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11583","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques","score":0.9659000039100647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9592999815940857,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-quotient","display_name":"Rayleigh quotient","score":0.700525164604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.6761213541030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6198890805244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5997715592384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.49691155552864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covariance-matrix","display_name":"Covariance matrix","score":0.47638124227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","score":0.45608043670654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4176715612411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-scattering","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","score":0.41038933396339417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778158742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665115","display_name":"Rayleigh quotient","level":3,"score":0.700525164604187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6761213541030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6198890805244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5997715592384338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.49691155552864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185142706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134404","display_name":"Covariance matrix","level":2,"score":0.47638124227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.45608043670654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4176715612411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193709","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","level":2,"score":0.41038933396339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8500805","display_name":"Computational Statistics","issn_l":"0943-4062","issn":["0943-4062","1613-9658"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:spr:compst:v:27:y:2012:i:3:p:523-530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1007/s00180-011-0273-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495929194","https://openalex.org/W1969463942","https://openalex.org/W1973744648","https://openalex.org/W1990259511","https://openalex.org/W2014181044","https://openalex.org/W2016440615","https://openalex.org/W2040324983","https://openalex.org/W2047691918","https://openalex.org/W2050947749","https://openalex.org/W2115808162","https://openalex.org/W3120740533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W301117870","https://openalex.org/W3083820578","https://openalex.org/W2898489509","https://openalex.org/W4239549935","https://openalex.org/W2962944529","https://openalex.org/W1987427510","https://openalex.org/W1996520779","https://openalex.org/W79421561","https://openalex.org/W3214972795","https://openalex.org/W2543390884"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}