{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414981190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","title":"Is Consent-GPT valid? Public attitudes to generative AI use in surgical consent","display_name":"Is Consent-GPT valid? Public attitudes to generative AI use in surgical consent","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414981190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41189744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI & SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007431217","display_name":"Jemima Winifred Allen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jemima Winifred Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041233682","display_name":"Ivar R. Hannikainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-357X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivar Rodr\u00edguez Hannikainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada, Granada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada, Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018300444","display_name":"Julian Savulescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-6403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Savulescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064910024","display_name":"Dominic Wilkinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3958-8633"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802742124","display_name":"John Radcliffe Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0080acb59","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124","https://openalex.org/I4210127145","https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU","GB","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Wilkinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom","Melbourne, Australia","Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802742124"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058038900","display_name":"Brian D. Earp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-2888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian David Earp","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007431217"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19559575,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"3","first_page":"2637","last_page":"2655"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11537","display_name":"Ethics in medical practice","score":0.9764999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegate","display_name":"Delegate","score":0.7106999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-consent","display_name":"Informed consent","score":0.6948999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delegation","display_name":"Delegation","score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liability","display_name":"Liability","score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioethics","display_name":"Bioethics","score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-team","display_name":"Surgical team","score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomy","display_name":"Autonomy","score":0.39149999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.376800000667572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143273055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2382794","display_name":"Delegate","level":2,"score":0.7106999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.6948999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4706000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188084074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194294","display_name":"Bioethics","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018700120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgical team","level":2,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.39149999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.376800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65067816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295139","display_name":"Computer-assisted web interviewing","level":2,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475557","display_name":"Patient safety","level":3,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199286143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1404417","display_name":"Legal liability","level":3,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775944032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22907659","display_name":"Patient satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776798817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318836","display_name":"Malpractice","level":2,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908852235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Patient Consent","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5542226","display_name":"PsycINFO","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI & SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41189744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41189744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI & society","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7618318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7618318/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AI Soc","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02644-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI & SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2618242861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"203132/Z/16/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G292560498","display_name":"The Wellcome Centre for Ethics, Innovation, Globalisation and Medicine","funder_award_id":"203132","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3156707958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AISG3-GV-2023-012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5856185601","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AISG3-GV-2023-012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320971","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414981190.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414981190.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1845083756","https://openalex.org/W1977555364","https://openalex.org/W2070573291","https://openalex.org/W2109407406","https://openalex.org/W2114935739","https://openalex.org/W2126164584","https://openalex.org/W2130071626","https://openalex.org/W2160940793","https://openalex.org/W2171579277","https://openalex.org/W2249595199","https://openalex.org/W2281090488","https://openalex.org/W2398193605","https://openalex.org/W2488313041","https://openalex.org/W2515813549","https://openalex.org/W2526008369","https://openalex.org/W2784005091","https://openalex.org/W2793577576","https://openalex.org/W2803682557","https://openalex.org/W2907414605","https://openalex.org/W2937173557","https://openalex.org/W2971529494","https://openalex.org/W2984353433","https://openalex.org/W3010886321","https://openalex.org/W3040946398","https://openalex.org/W3090578995","https://openalex.org/W3094444476","https://openalex.org/W3152236896","https://openalex.org/W3159620818","https://openalex.org/W3199145463","https://openalex.org/W3210424426","https://openalex.org/W4210300691","https://openalex.org/W4214584611","https://openalex.org/W4245528144","https://openalex.org/W4249718452","https://openalex.org/W4255610040","https://openalex.org/W4280488363","https://openalex.org/W4294243134","https://openalex.org/W4301221590","https://openalex.org/W4312129616","https://openalex.org/W4319165762","https://openalex.org/W4367310920","https://openalex.org/W4380575774","https://openalex.org/W4385064125","https://openalex.org/W4385190659","https://openalex.org/W4386408415","https://openalex.org/W4387242094","https://openalex.org/W4387346544","https://openalex.org/W4388007286","https://openalex.org/W4388540989","https://openalex.org/W4389009579","https://openalex.org/W4389253133","https://openalex.org/W4390414389","https://openalex.org/W4390631706","https://openalex.org/W4391578496","https://openalex.org/W4392618193","https://openalex.org/W4393167975","https://openalex.org/W4402169417","https://openalex.org/W4403839497","https://openalex.org/W4404070753","https://openalex.org/W4404672574","https://openalex.org/W4405202405","https://openalex.org/W4405636655","https://openalex.org/W4409451803","https://openalex.org/W4413328432"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{":":[0],"59.5%":[1],"satisfied;":[2],"treating":[3],"surgeon":[4],"96.8%;":[5],"junior":[6],"doctor:":[7],"93.1%),":[8],"despite":[9],"identical":[10,101],"consent":[11,43,79],"interactions":[12],"(i.e.,":[13],"the":[14,25,48,56],"same":[15],"informational":[16],"content":[17],"and":[18],"display":[19],"format).":[20],"Regarding":[21],"justification":[22],"to":[23,35,41,78,96],"sue":[24],"hospital":[26],"following":[27],"a":[28,75],"complication,":[29],"participants":[30],"were":[31],"slightly":[32],"more":[33,94],"inclined":[34],"support":[36],"legal":[37],"action":[38],"in":[39,62],"response":[40],"AI-supported":[42],"than":[44,98],"human-only":[45],"consent.":[46],"However,":[47],"strongest":[49],"predictor":[50],"was":[51],"proper":[52],"risk":[53],"disclosure,":[54],"not":[55],"consent-seeking":[57],"agent.":[58],"As":[59],"AI":[60],"integration":[61],"healthcare":[63],"accelerates,":[64],"these":[65],"results":[66],"highlight":[67],"critical":[68],"considerations":[69],"for":[70],"implementation":[71],"strategies,":[72],"suggesting":[73],"that":[74,81],"hybrid":[76],"approach":[77],"delegation":[80],"leverages":[82],"AI's":[83],"information":[84],"sharing":[85],"capabilities":[86],"while":[87],"preserving":[88],"meaningful":[89],"human":[90],"engagement":[91],"may":[92],"be":[93],"acceptable":[95],"patients":[97],"an":[99],"otherwise":[100],"process":[102],"with":[103],"relatively":[104],"less":[105],"human-to-human":[106],"interaction.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-09T00:00:00"}