{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408916011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","title":"Explainable AI, LLM, and digitized archival cultural heritage: a case study of the Grand Ducal Archive of the Medici","display_name":"Explainable AI, LLM, and digitized archival cultural heritage: a case study of the Grand Ducal Archive of the Medici","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408916011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI &amp; SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007581928","display_name":"G\u00e1bor Mih\u00e1ly T\u00f3th","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-1581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gabor Mihaly Toth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Contemporary and Digital History, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-1581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Contemporary and Digital History, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059457050","display_name":"Richard Albrecht","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Albrecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1067-4928","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014631662","display_name":"C\u00e9dric Pruski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2103-0431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112527","display_name":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01t178j62","country_code":"LU","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cedric Pruski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2103-0431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112527"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007581928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":2890},"fwci":19.5593,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9910082,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"6","first_page":"4561","last_page":"4573"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11657","display_name":"Digital and Traditional Archives Management","score":0.9404000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.9298999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage","display_name":"Cultural heritage","score":0.6420505046844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performing-arts","display_name":"Performing arts","score":0.6335918307304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-arts","display_name":"Visual arts","score":0.5472358465194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.47471535205841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.3901912569999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.3820207715034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-history","display_name":"Ancient history","score":0.32134687900543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.20154866576194763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.6420505046844482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163286209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184485","display_name":"Performing arts","level":2,"score":0.6335918307304382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.5472358465194702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.47471535205841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.3901912569999695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3820207715034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.32134687900543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.20154866576194763}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI &amp; SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00146-025-02238-5.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210190517","display_name":"AI & Society","issn_l":"0951-5666","issn":["0951-5666","1435-5655"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI &amp; SOCIETY","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321038","display_name":"Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/039z13y21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408916011.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614826778","https://openalex.org/W1995992108","https://openalex.org/W2137590649","https://openalex.org/W2562074663","https://openalex.org/W2754826331","https://openalex.org/W3210032674","https://openalex.org/W4206176706","https://openalex.org/W4213168938","https://openalex.org/W4223651767","https://openalex.org/W4235505822","https://openalex.org/W4246900393","https://openalex.org/W4252846101","https://openalex.org/W4285529857","https://openalex.org/W4293213343","https://openalex.org/W4301466821","https://openalex.org/W4391615698","https://openalex.org/W4393899712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2158488214","https://openalex.org/W2036035404","https://openalex.org/W2886310615","https://openalex.org/W2356346261","https://openalex.org/W2353866318","https://openalex.org/W2478778511","https://openalex.org/W3196630210","https://openalex.org/W2369210017","https://openalex.org/W2802336468"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Since":[1],"the":[2,14,30,89,94,102,112,116,129,133,138,150,159],"advent":[3],"of":[4,16,32,65,93,115],"modern":[5,119],"computational":[6],"technologies,":[7],"libraries":[8],"and":[9,51,98,136,153,161],"archives":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"harnessing":[13],"power":[15],"computers":[17],"to":[18,46,54,110,157],"produce":[19],"electronic":[20,113],"finding":[21,49,126,140],"aids":[22,50],"for":[23,165],"our":[24],"archival":[25,55],"cultural":[26,76],"heritage.":[27,56],"Today,":[28],"with":[29,80],"arrival":[31],"generative":[33,108],"artificial":[34],"intelligence":[35],"(specifically,":[36],"large":[37],"language":[38],"models":[39],"or":[40],"LLMs),":[41],"there":[42],"are":[43],"new":[44],"opportunities":[45],"post-process":[47,111],"these":[48],"enhance":[52],"access":[53],"In":[57,142],"this":[58],"paper,":[59,130],"we":[60,68,131,144],"present":[61,132],"a":[62,123],"case":[63,85],"study":[64,86],"AI-assisted":[66,166],"post-processing;":[67],"also":[69],"show":[70],"how":[71],"AI":[72,109],"can":[73],"help":[74],"unlock":[75],"heritage":[77,151],"if":[78],"combined":[79],"interactive":[81],"data":[82],"visualization.":[83],"Our":[84],"focuses":[87],"on":[88],"Grand":[90],"Ducal":[91],"Archive":[92,104],"Medici,":[95],"partially":[96],"digitized":[97],"electronically":[99],"cataloged":[100],"by":[101],"Medici":[103],"Project.":[105],"We":[106],"used":[107],"catalog":[114],"Medici's":[117],"early":[118],"period":[120],"correspondence,":[121],"developing":[122],"prototype":[124],"visual":[125,139],"aid.":[127,141],"Throughout":[128],"post-processing":[134],"steps":[135],"introduce":[137],"conclusion,":[143],"critically":[145],"examine":[146],"AI's":[147],"application":[148],"in":[149],"sector":[152],"urge":[154],"GLAM":[155],"professionals":[156],"embrace":[158],"technology":[160],"open":[162],"their":[163],"collections":[164],"post-processing.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
