{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406796858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","title":"Interpretability of fingerprint presentation attack detection systems: a look at the \u201crepresentativeness\u201d of samples against never-seen-before attacks","display_name":"Interpretability of fingerprint presentation attack detection systems: a look at the \u201crepresentativeness\u201d of samples against never-seen-before attacks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406796858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114086303","display_name":"Simone Carta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1371-9851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Carta","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048108457","display_name":"Roberto Casula","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-5935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Casula","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046601560","display_name":"Giulia Orr\u00f9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-2483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Orr\u00f9","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011575105","display_name":"Marco Micheletto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-7869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Micheletto","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002366419","display_name":"Gian Luca Marcialis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-9643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","display_name":"University of Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Luca Marcialis","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIEE, University of Cagliari, Piazza d\u2019Armi I, 09123, Cagliari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048108457"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":2.568,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87911153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13192","display_name":"Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10751","display_name":"Forensic and Genetic Research","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representativeness-heuristic","display_name":"Representativeness heuristic","score":0.893714189529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8181519508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7292884588241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.7173078656196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49664121866226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43803924322128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25806260108947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.24716508388519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.23184040188789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.0709916353225708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37381756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20203288","display_name":"Representativeness heuristic","level":2,"score":0.893714189529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8181519508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7292884588241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.7173078656196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49664121866226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43803924322128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25806260108947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24716508388519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23184040188789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0709916353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unica.it:11584/437125","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11584/437125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196293","display_name":"UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172446870","host_organization_name":"University of Cagliari","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172446870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00138-025-01666-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313987","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Cagliari","ror":"https://ror.org/003109y17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406796858.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406796858.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558778037","https://openalex.org/W1986702455","https://openalex.org/W1993436046","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2004362343","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2294798173","https://openalex.org/W2296719434","https://openalex.org/W2542768043","https://openalex.org/W2605024226","https://openalex.org/W2889326414","https://openalex.org/W2911293880","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2956767096","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2989747508","https://openalex.org/W3005942205","https://openalex.org/W3005991297","https://openalex.org/W3006433045","https://openalex.org/W3017988947","https://openalex.org/W3034124739","https://openalex.org/W3090821324","https://openalex.org/W3098852764","https://openalex.org/W3102159477","https://openalex.org/W3127452014","https://openalex.org/W3132536583","https://openalex.org/W3136184014","https://openalex.org/W3157722239","https://openalex.org/W3186086436","https://openalex.org/W3195496058","https://openalex.org/W3207211939","https://openalex.org/W3212366080","https://openalex.org/W4313485571","https://openalex.org/W4319300116","https://openalex.org/W4321609502","https://openalex.org/W4321609509","https://openalex.org/W4389496944","https://openalex.org/W4390063837","https://openalex.org/W4391582461","https://openalex.org/W4392411935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W3159631231","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4405590872","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W4404624381","https://openalex.org/W2963326959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Nowadays,":[1],"fingerprint":[2],"Presentation":[3],"Attack":[4],"Detection":[5],"systems":[6],"(PADs)":[7],"are":[8],"primarily":[9],"based":[10],"on":[11],"deep":[12],"learning":[13],"architectures":[14],"subjected":[15],"to":[16,23,31,41,45,90,141],"massive":[17],"training.":[18,57],"However,":[19],"their":[20],"performance":[21],"decreases":[22],"never-seen-before":[24],"attacks.":[25],"With":[26],"the":[27,46,51,55,66,71,76,83,92,112,118,123,129,146,150],"goal":[28],"of":[29,48,50,68,85,114,133,149],"contributing":[30],"explaining":[32],"this":[33,38],"issue,":[34],"we":[35,81],"hypothesized":[36],"that":[37],"limited":[39],"ability":[40],"generalize":[42],"is":[43,59],"due":[44],"lack":[47],"\"representativeness\"":[49],"samples":[52,69],"available":[53],"for":[54],"PAD":[56],"\"Representativeness\"":[58],"treated":[60],"here":[61],"from":[62],"a":[63],"geometrical":[64],"perspective:":[65],"spread":[67],"into":[70,108],"feature":[72],"space,":[73],"especially":[74],"near":[75],"decision":[77,119],"boundaries.":[78],"In":[79],"particular,":[80],"explored":[82],"possibility":[84],"adopting":[86],"three-dimensionality":[87],"reduction":[88,136],"methods":[89,99],"make":[91,142],"problem":[93],"affordable":[94],"through":[95],"visual":[96,101],"inspection.":[97],"These":[98],"enable":[100],"inspection":[102],"and":[103,131,138],"interpretation":[104],"by":[105],"projecting":[106],"data":[107],"two-dimensional":[109],"spaces,":[110],"facilitating":[111],"identification":[113],"weak":[115],"areas":[116],"in":[117,145],"regions":[120],"estimated":[121],"after":[122],"training":[124,151],"phase.":[125],"Our":[126],"analysis":[127],"delineates":[128],"benefits":[130],"drawbacks":[132],"each":[134],"dimensionality":[135],"method":[137],"leads":[139],"us":[140],"substantial":[143],"recommendations":[144],"crucial":[147],"phase":[148],"design.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
