{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2157305925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","title":"On design and optimization of face verification systems that are smart-card based","display_name":"On design and optimization of face verification systems that are smart-card based","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2157305925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","mag":"2157305925"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056462004","display_name":"Thirimachos Bourlai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-0836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thirimachos Bourlai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028209738","display_name":"Josef Kittler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8110-9205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josef Kittler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089832734","display_name":"Kieron Messer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kieron Messer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056462004"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0793,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79553602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"695","last_page":"711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8238918781280518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6089661121368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5422817468643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5363909006118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5352585315704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-compression","display_name":"Image compression","score":0.5089592933654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4568544030189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.3779798150062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.37072160840034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35968321561813354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8238918781280518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6089661121368408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5422817468643188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5363909006118774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5352585315704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13481523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412438","display_name":"Image compression","level":4,"score":0.5089592933654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4568544030189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3779798150062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.37072160840034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35968321561813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-009-0187-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27728525","display_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","issn_l":"0932-8092","issn":["0932-8092","1432-1769"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Machine Vision and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139043250002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&amp;SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&amp;SrcAuth=LinksAMR&amp;KeyUT=WOS:000280249300010&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord&amp;DestApp=ALL_WOS&amp;UsrCustomerID=11d2a86992e85fb529977dad66a846d5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:111086","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/111086/2/mva2010.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31263056","https://openalex.org/W76086797","https://openalex.org/W615219318","https://openalex.org/W1484973497","https://openalex.org/W1503968451","https://openalex.org/W1512816943","https://openalex.org/W1517384434","https://openalex.org/W1527240141","https://openalex.org/W1573962301","https://openalex.org/W1586287323","https://openalex.org/W1605284140","https://openalex.org/W1749436950","https://openalex.org/W1784808734","https://openalex.org/W1823036296","https://openalex.org/W1872556627","https://openalex.org/W1876783020","https://openalex.org/W1984043404","https://openalex.org/W1988768285","https://openalex.org/W1989702938","https://openalex.org/W2000641258","https://openalex.org/W2012352340","https://openalex.org/W2033492521","https://openalex.org/W2063355793","https://openalex.org/W2095242438","https://openalex.org/W2098001483","https://openalex.org/W2102773363","https://openalex.org/W2103694086","https://openalex.org/W2104294146","https://openalex.org/W2105879290","https://openalex.org/W2115803947","https://openalex.org/W2126079943","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2147041311","https://openalex.org/W2162049453","https://openalex.org/W2162432392","https://openalex.org/W2170858770","https://openalex.org/W2566697275","https://openalex.org/W2589819375","https://openalex.org/W2619796336","https://openalex.org/W2744786730","https://openalex.org/W2750651330","https://openalex.org/W3025929500","https://openalex.org/W4211108907","https://openalex.org/W4232679814","https://openalex.org/W4247560222","https://openalex.org/W7014935506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1899364738","https://openalex.org/W43171467","https://openalex.org/W2103413230","https://openalex.org/W2908959303","https://openalex.org/W1955116508","https://openalex.org/W2136321227","https://openalex.org/W2663901905","https://openalex.org/W2355490025","https://openalex.org/W2366116130","https://openalex.org/W2372194912"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
