{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2516450947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","title":"Complex Multidimensional Scaling Algorithm for Time-of-Arrival-Based Mobile Location: A Unified Framework","display_name":"Complex Multidimensional Scaling Algorithm for Time-of-Arrival-Based Mobile Location: A Unified Framework","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2516450947","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","mag":"2516450947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20109229","display_name":"Circuits Systems and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0278-081X","issn":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320186","host_organization_name":"Birkh\u00e4user","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320186","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Birkh\u00e4user","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079128371","display_name":"Y. L. Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119388","display_name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Information Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzte064","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. L. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002074693","display_name":"Ying Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4095-8315"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119388","display_name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Information Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzte064","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017099901","display_name":"Shixue Yi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119388","display_name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Information Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzte064","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. C. Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084663385","display_name":"Wen-Rong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8333-7124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119388","display_name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Information Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzte064","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080319435","display_name":"Shouhong Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119388","display_name":"Zhejiang Science and Technology Information Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02rzte064","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. L. Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhengzhou Information Science and Technology Institute, 450000, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079128371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119388"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66258669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"4","first_page":"1754","last_page":"1768"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidimensional-scaling","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","score":0.7129033207893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6793810129165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6681571006774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6642864346504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.5883147716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.5500348210334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5281122922897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48516708612442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.47252729535102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.46240025758743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.4386386573314667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4372686743736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.41350096464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22070112824440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2023249864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15998834371566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.13568216562271118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13326048851013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10954517126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.07735759019851685}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91682802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620538","display_name":"Multidimensional scaling","level":2,"score":0.7129033207893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6793810129165649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6681571006774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6642864346504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.5883147716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.5500348210334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5281122922897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48516708612442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.47252729535102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.46240025758743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4386386573314667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4372686743736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.41350096464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22070112824440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2023249864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15998834371566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.13568216562271118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13326048851013184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10954517126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.07735759019851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0381-9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20109229","display_name":"Circuits Systems and Signal Processing","issn_l":"0278-081X","issn":["0278-081X","1531-5878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320186","host_organization_name":"Birkh\u00e4user","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320186","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Birkh\u00e4user","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6566193823","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61201381","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492024128","https://openalex.org/W1965392255","https://openalex.org/W1981745143","https://openalex.org/W1985709582","https://openalex.org/W2014613182","https://openalex.org/W2067752346","https://openalex.org/W2100498667","https://openalex.org/W2104264645","https://openalex.org/W2114005163","https://openalex.org/W2118872830","https://openalex.org/W2126109708","https://openalex.org/W2137355192","https://openalex.org/W2139931428","https://openalex.org/W2145564799","https://openalex.org/W2148752651","https://openalex.org/W2148840132","https://openalex.org/W2157326466","https://openalex.org/W2157547673","https://openalex.org/W2161459013","https://openalex.org/W2319824271","https://openalex.org/W2798909945","https://openalex.org/W4233159434"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066348132","https://openalex.org/W2101823128","https://openalex.org/W2612484128","https://openalex.org/W1985709582","https://openalex.org/W2612716334","https://openalex.org/W163027446","https://openalex.org/W2539931258","https://openalex.org/W3107185102","https://openalex.org/W2119198198","https://openalex.org/W1955513101"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-24T08:02:53.985720","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}