{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101803085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055717","title":"A practical public key cryptosystem provably secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack","display_name":"A practical public key cryptosystem provably secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101803085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055717","mag":"2101803085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0055717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112681145","display_name":"Ronald Cramer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Cramer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Theoretical Computer Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich","[ETH, Zurich]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Theoretical Computer Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[ETH, Zurich]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088669734","display_name":"Victor Shoup","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6996-5660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126328","display_name":"IBM Research - Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02js37d36","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Shoup","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, S\u00e4umerstr. 4, 8803, R\u00fcschlikon, Switzerland","IBM Z\u00fcrich Research Laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, S\u00e4umerstr. 4, 8803, R\u00fcschlikon, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Z\u00fcrich Research Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1440,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.7913973927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7822285890579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.7633568048477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext-indistinguishability","display_name":"Ciphertext indistinguishability","score":0.7094969749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-security","display_name":"Semantic security","score":0.7018482089042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-cryptosystem","display_name":"Hybrid cryptosystem","score":0.6989940404891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-cryptosystem","display_name":"Threshold cryptosystem","score":0.6149004101753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malleability","display_name":"Malleability","score":0.5947183966636658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext-aware-encryption","display_name":"Plaintext-aware encryption","score":0.5674116015434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5336908102035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deterministic-encryption","display_name":"Deterministic encryption","score":0.5301783084869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.523905873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5164699554443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.5108048915863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goldwasser\u2013micali-cryptosystem","display_name":"Goldwasser\u2013Micali cryptosystem","score":0.5065361261367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.45228689908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptosystem","display_name":"Public key cryptosystem","score":0.41339969635009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.33364060521125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1487976610660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attribute-based-encryption","display_name":"Attribute-based encryption","score":0.12621572613716125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.7913973927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7822285890579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.7633568048477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182776695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840661","display_name":"Ciphertext indistinguishability","level":5,"score":0.7094969749450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204806902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2333581","display_name":"Semantic security","level":5,"score":0.7018482089042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73468433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639918","display_name":"Hybrid cryptosystem","level":4,"score":0.6989940404891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123744220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5668690","display_name":"Threshold cryptosystem","level":5,"score":0.6149004101753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100980136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4668956","display_name":"Malleability","level":4,"score":0.5947183966636658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119133118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7200761","display_name":"Plaintext-aware encryption","level":5,"score":0.5674116015434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5336908102035522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57795399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5265706","display_name":"Deterministic encryption","level":4,"score":0.5301783084869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.523905873298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5164699554443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.5108048915863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36367407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q742758","display_name":"Goldwasser\u2013Micali cryptosystem","level":5,"score":0.5065361261367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.45228689908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984195096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public key cryptosystem","level":4,"score":0.41339969635009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.33364060521125793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1487976610660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7646194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818713","display_name":"Attribute-based encryption","level":4,"score":0.12621572613716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0055717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0055717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498517373","https://openalex.org/W1525737403","https://openalex.org/W1552695147","https://openalex.org/W1554668164","https://openalex.org/W1572695506","https://openalex.org/W1580599221","https://openalex.org/W1589129854","https://openalex.org/W1589176872","https://openalex.org/W1837145606","https://openalex.org/W1972792640","https://openalex.org/W1974664062","https://openalex.org/W2002930326","https://openalex.org/W2052267638","https://openalex.org/W2064423787","https://openalex.org/W2073210531","https://openalex.org/W2090903439","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2144560442","https://openalex.org/W2151748484","https://openalex.org/W2164988972","https://openalex.org/W2210874835","https://openalex.org/W2397756951","https://openalex.org/W4210300416","https://openalex.org/W6673536456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2768338573","https://openalex.org/W2570425541","https://openalex.org/W1494492726","https://openalex.org/W2101803085","https://openalex.org/W2024142753","https://openalex.org/W2144047767","https://openalex.org/W2613185318","https://openalex.org/W2997187988","https://openalex.org/W2578186728","https://openalex.org/W2950576867"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":79}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}