{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1594921063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0054006","title":"Hybrid HMM/ANN systems for speech recognition: Overview and new research directions","display_name":"Hybrid HMM/ANN systems for speech recognition: Overview and new research directions","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1594921063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0054006","mag":"1594921063"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0054006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0054006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/82407","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108187466","display_name":"Herv\u00e9 Bourlard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297971548","display_name":"International Computer Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ewh7m12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Herv\u00e9 Bourlard","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDIAP, Martigny, Switzerland","Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley, CA","Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDIAP, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112003894","display_name":"Nelson Morgan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297971548","display_name":"International Computer Science Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01ewh7m12","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134446601","display_name":"Berkeley College","ror":"https://ror.org/02xewxa75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134446601"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson Morgan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley, CA","UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA","Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley","UC Berkeley, Berkeley"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134446601","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intl. Comp. Science Institute, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Berkeley, Berkeley","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134446601","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108187466"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297971548","https://openalex.org/I7495430"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4456,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8842846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"389","last_page":"417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7433525323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6648610234260559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5747122764587402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3732052445411682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3590574860572815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7433525323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6648610234260559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5747122764587402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3732052445411682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3590574860572815}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0054006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0054006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.125.3829","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.125.3829","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idiap.ch/ftp/papers/speech/nato97.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.7.8329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.7.8329","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.idiap.ch/pub/papers/speech/bourlard-nato.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:82407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/82407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:82467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/82467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:82407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/82407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21683646","https://openalex.org/W160213850","https://openalex.org/W168973951","https://openalex.org/W183625566","https://openalex.org/W248072654","https://openalex.org/W811578723","https://openalex.org/W1486979847","https://openalex.org/W1498305818","https://openalex.org/W1499982184","https://openalex.org/W1533051419","https://openalex.org/W1553004968","https://openalex.org/W1607988020","https://openalex.org/W1792764070","https://openalex.org/W1800365115","https://openalex.org/W1922557984","https://openalex.org/W1944174205","https://openalex.org/W1953567190","https://openalex.org/W1979809432","https://openalex.org/W1980501707","https://openalex.org/W1994396704","https://openalex.org/W1994530392","https://openalex.org/W2038054257","https://openalex.org/W2090861223","https://openalex.org/W2098500169","https://openalex.org/W2100772283","https://openalex.org/W2102512139","https://openalex.org/W2105505506","https://openalex.org/W2112065796","https://openalex.org/W2113125945","https://openalex.org/W2113457868","https://openalex.org/W2124229187","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2135090195","https://openalex.org/W2139576349","https://openalex.org/W2147511255","https://openalex.org/W2148099973","https://openalex.org/W2150001221","https://openalex.org/W2155368638","https://openalex.org/W2169189000","https://openalex.org/W2169415433","https://openalex.org/W4250903560","https://openalex.org/W4297984804","https://openalex.org/W4302613066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W3184123547","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W1521297879","https://openalex.org/W4253235840","https://openalex.org/W3151937861","https://openalex.org/W2488941600"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}