{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1608734032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0031924","title":"Reasoning with negative information, II: Hard negation, strong negation and logic programs","display_name":"Reasoning with negative information, II: Hard negation, strong negation and logic programs","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1608734032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0031924","mag":"1608734032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0031924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0031924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072844178","display_name":"David Pearce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7407-326X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Pearce","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gruppe Logik, Wissenstheorie und Information Institut f\u00fcr Philosophie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 33","Gruppe Logik, Wissenstheorie und Information Institut f\u00fcr Philosophie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 33,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gruppe Logik, Wissenstheorie und Information Institut f\u00fcr Philosophie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 33","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gruppe Logik, Wissenstheorie und Information Institut f\u00fcr Philosophie, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 33,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072844178"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"],"apc_list":{"value":5000,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77465048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation-as-failure","display_name":"Negation as failure","score":0.8060145378112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.7711156606674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoepistemic-logic","display_name":"Autoepistemic logic","score":0.7208352088928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.6067692637443542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-programming","display_name":"Logic programming","score":0.5885598659515381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuitionistic-logic","display_name":"Intuitionistic logic","score":0.5799850225448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-logic","display_name":"Multimodal logic","score":0.4518319368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.450679749250412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.44770342111587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predicate-functor-logic","display_name":"Predicate functor logic","score":0.44558727741241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/many-valued-logic","display_name":"Many-valued logic","score":0.4352532625198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43054479360580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4213674068450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3801475465297699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.35669589042663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propositional-calculus","display_name":"Propositional calculus","score":0.16076257824897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.13923940062522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.09526261687278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/description-logic","display_name":"Description logic","score":0.07762649655342102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194146651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119400","display_name":"Negation as failure","level":5,"score":0.8060145378112793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.7711156606674194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3845977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826262","display_name":"Autoepistemic logic","level":4,"score":0.7208352088928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.6067692637443542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128838566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275603","display_name":"Logic programming","level":2,"score":0.5885598659515381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178421362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176786","display_name":"Intuitionistic logic","level":3,"score":0.5799850225448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203659156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934805","display_name":"Multimodal logic","level":3,"score":0.4518319368362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.450679749250412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.44770342111587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2039508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239631","display_name":"Predicate functor logic","level":5,"score":0.44558727741241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150889026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185502","display_name":"Many-valued logic","level":3,"score":0.4352532625198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43054479360580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4213674068450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3801475465297699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.35669589042663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200694","display_name":"Propositional calculus","level":2,"score":0.16076257824897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.13923940062522888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.09526261687278748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.07762649655342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bfb0031924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0031924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106296714","display_name":"Lecture notes in computer science","issn_l":"0302-9743","issn":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W159747946","https://openalex.org/W1481320527","https://openalex.org/W1511711492","https://openalex.org/W1526228869","https://openalex.org/W1672891595","https://openalex.org/W1756530980","https://openalex.org/W1988347771","https://openalex.org/W2003531456","https://openalex.org/W2012457462","https://openalex.org/W2015627330","https://openalex.org/W2018830344","https://openalex.org/W2048600620","https://openalex.org/W2052436826","https://openalex.org/W2077242255","https://openalex.org/W2077425504","https://openalex.org/W2080200227","https://openalex.org/W2090893188","https://openalex.org/W2124256316","https://openalex.org/W2150425213","https://openalex.org/W2155322595","https://openalex.org/W2482219584","https://openalex.org/W2986001730","https://openalex.org/W3046397786","https://openalex.org/W4212824748","https://openalex.org/W4245674526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3196497357","https://openalex.org/W2033995545","https://openalex.org/W2790159133","https://openalex.org/W2113042118","https://openalex.org/W10948657","https://openalex.org/W2075756851","https://openalex.org/W2166655407","https://openalex.org/W2078212736","https://openalex.org/W1484105406","https://openalex.org/W189555107"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}