{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016873467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821","title":"Multidimensional data format specification: A generalization of the American College of Radiology-National Electric Manufacturers Association standards","display_name":"Multidimensional data format specification: A generalization of the American College of Radiology-National Electric Manufacturers Association standards","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016873467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821","mag":"2016873467","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1554756"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf03167821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03167821.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03167821.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065713856","display_name":"Jayaram K. Udupa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-2927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jayaram K. Udupa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090645010","display_name":"Hsiu-Mei Hung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiu-Mei Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069851642","display_name":"Dewey Odhner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-8796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dewey Odhner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067815370","display_name":"Roberto J. Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Goncalves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065713856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0618,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86752376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"26","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13067","display_name":"Geological Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.7473815679550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.739704966545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5784616470336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-exchange","display_name":"Data exchange","score":0.5202654600143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5048368573188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.5001568794250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4856797456741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4771375358104706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidimensional-data","display_name":"Multidimensional data","score":0.4281238913536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.41799354553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41439586877822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.38495075702667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30636146664619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.18254801630973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15263107419013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.13379979133605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08305174112319946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.7473815679550171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.739704966545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5784616470336914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15845906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172338","display_name":"Data exchange","level":2,"score":0.5202654600143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5048368573188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5001568794250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4856797456741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4771375358104706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019022308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418353","display_name":"Multidimensional data","level":2,"score":0.4281238913536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.41799354553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41439586877822876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.38495075702667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30636146664619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.18254801630973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15263107419013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.13379979133605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08305174112319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003626","descriptor_name":"Data Display","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf03167821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03167821.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1554756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1554756","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of digital imaging","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf03167821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03167821.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62275304","display_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","issn_l":"0897-1889","issn":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Digital Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016873467.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2016873467.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W597246669","https://openalex.org/W1579655566","https://openalex.org/W1980670965","https://openalex.org/W1994151707","https://openalex.org/W2025364449","https://openalex.org/W2036345186","https://openalex.org/W2053372875","https://openalex.org/W2060774710","https://openalex.org/W2063068378","https://openalex.org/W2100194436","https://openalex.org/W2105986919","https://openalex.org/W2109324451","https://openalex.org/W2119230579","https://openalex.org/W2119231080","https://openalex.org/W2128654286","https://openalex.org/W2161790789","https://openalex.org/W2171384440","https://openalex.org/W2295355433","https://openalex.org/W2418656106","https://openalex.org/W2487555444","https://openalex.org/W4235949814","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068608913","https://openalex.org/W3124914020","https://openalex.org/W2141033859","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W2077542787","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W2071701083","https://openalex.org/W2383687187","https://openalex.org/W2223060330","https://openalex.org/W160596652"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}